Research On The Multi-path Routing Schemes With Energy-balanced Of Wireless Sensor Networks

With the rapid development and increasingly mature of MEMS (Micro-electro-mechanical systems), computer, communication and artificial intelligence technology, wireless sensor networks( WSNs ) have become a very hot research topic. Since sensor nodes have stringent limitations of energy, computation, communication and memory capabilities, how to save the energy of the sensors in order to prolong the lifetime of the whole network is a challenging issue. Routing is one of the most important functions in WSNs. In this paper, we focus on designing energy-efficient routing protocols in WSNs.This paper analyzes energy consumption of sensor nodes and researches routing strategies and typical routing protocols applied to WSNs, especially compare the energy-saving performance of those protocols. Wireless sensor networks are characterized by centralized data gathering, multi-hop communication and many-to-one traffic pattern, these three characteristics may give rise to Energy Hole Problem, so this paper designs a multi-path routing protocol with energy-balanced. Consider network load balance, multi-hop, node residual energy, the shortest path and so on, we construct the energy-balanced network based on path's crucial energy use the layered network model, then according to crucial energy ratio to achieve energy-balanced among the nodes. In addition, this paper proposes a local repair mechanism applied to the algorithm, enhance the survivability of the networkThis paper describes the proposed protocol in detail and makes a simulation experiment on the NS2 ( Network Simulator 2nd ) platform, the experiment result demonstrates that the proposed protocol prolongs the lifetime of the network, and has a good overall performance and a great use value.