Research On Routing Protocol In Wireless Sensor Networks

The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a specific network which consist of a large number of sensor nodes, these sensor nodes communicate with each other in Ad Hoc way. The sensor nodes collect and process the information in the environment (e.g., temperature, humidity and pressure, etc.) and send it to user in muti-hops. As the WSN is always located at the severe environment or the place where the people are not convenient to reach, so that its energy supplement cannot be implemented opportunely at the most of cases. Hence the core problem of the WSN is energy efficiency which will directly influence the lifetime and performance.In the WSN, communication is the major element in energy consumption, routing protocol will directly influence the communication traffic, so the design of routing protocol is the essential to WSN.With the regardless of energy efficiency, the transmission delay is another important parameter in WSN protocols. Because only one sink node is deployed at most of WSN, the multi-hop approach with longer transmission delay has to be utilized, even under severe real-time environment. Therefore, it is highly desirable to perform both energy efficiency and transmission delay reduction.In this paper, based on studing the WSN routing protocol, we present a novel routing protocol called Hierarchical Routing Protocol based on Dynamic Weight (HRPDW) which consider two important metrics-network lifetime and transmission delay. We use the NS-2 to model the network environment, the simulation result show that, comparing with the ZigBee method, HRPDW effectively achieves energy consumption balancing and improve the performance of both network lifetime and transmission delay up to 33% and 24%, respectively.The paper is organized as follow:Firstly, the basic concept, system and application fields about WSN is given, the basic important design principle of WSN is also studied which guied the devise about new routing protocol.Secondly, we particularly discuss the algorithm of HRPDW which we proposed and add it to NS-2 after the implementation of C++.Thirdly, analyse the trace file about HRPDW produced by NS-2 in the simulation, and value the whole performance of HRPDW objectively.Lastly, summarize the whole paper and look to the future about WSN.