"thirteen Classics Emendating" The Study Of Linguistics Perspective

The ancient Documents , the carrier of culture, spread widely. Various changes taking place make the document lose the original situations of them. Therefore, collation is very important. Chinese textual criticism has deep accumulation, long history, unique feature, and prominent achievements. However, studying the history and current situation,it is still scarce of aggregating the methods, exploring the law, and connecting with other subjects, which is need of further study.The Collating Notes on"the Thirteen Classics, Annotated and Explicated", which is the outsanding document of the textual criticism in the Qing Dynasty, radically revised the Thirteen Classics, Annotated and Explicated. The edition of Wenxuanlou includes 50,000 items of collating notes, which is the rich academic resource . There have been plenty of achievements in the study of the Collating Notes in the last over 100 years. But perspectives are obsolete and methods are easy, which is waiting for carrying on new comprehensive and deep study from other perspective to explore its high academic value.The text is the base of the collation, and there are close relationships between collation and linguistics. This thesis try studying the Collating Notes from the perspective of linguistics , to analysis the variants in this document, conclude the collating methods of linguistics, find its value in historical data of linguistics, and build interactions between linguistics and textual criticism.The thesis divides into three chapters.The first chapter is"The study of the text variants". We divide one document into three levels, information level, text level and technology level, organic connecting in documents. we pay more attention to study the variant movement way of text. The object of collating is the text variants, and the aim of it is to find the original situation of the text from the variants. There are three reasons of the variants: linguistics ontology, man-made subjectives and carrier objects, and five variant forms: misprint, omission, misproof, mal-excerpt and variant characters.The second chapter is"The study of collating methods of linguistics". The linguistics plays an important role in the collating. After analysis the items in the Collating Notes, we summarized all kinds of ways,which the Qing scholars ,such as Ranyuan using, of philology, phonetics, exegesis, rhetoric, grammar and others in collatingThe third chapter is"The study of the value in historical data of linguistics". The Collating Notes has the great value in study of linguistics. It provides the Qing scholars the linguistics thinking: dynamic conception of language and characters, entirety conception of character(shape), pronunciation and meaning, testing conception of sentences and examples. The different characters in the Colleting Notes are helpful in the study of the variant characters. Through analysis the"tong"(通) items in the Collating Notes, we find the shortage in the use of terminology of traditional textual criticisms, which can help us build systematical items.