Ad Hoc Network Routing Protocols And Optimization

Ad Hoc network is a wireless mobile network which works in the unstructured andself-organization environment. It can be applied to the military occasion or particularsituation. For example, to initiate and promote rapid battlefield forces, help the armydeploying or going forward in the battlefield, and the rescue after earthquakes orfloods. In the absence of network infrastructure, Ad Hoc networks can be rapidlydeployed, each node in the network can move as both a server and a router. The AdHoc network can organize fast, flexibly, and can still work if there is no wire circuitry,it will be used broadly.This thesis describes the structure of ad hoc network first, focuses on the study ofroute technology which is the key technology in ad hoc especially. DSDV(Destination-sequenced Distance Vector) bases on route table, uses sequence numberto avoid the appearance of router circle. ZRP (Zone Routing Protocol) is ahierarchical routing protocol, which can control the muter spending, cut the delay andimprove the efficiency, while setting the best radius.DSR (Dynamic Source Routing)bases on source route, uses cache of route with little spending in network,and oldroute exists. AODV (Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol), as thesynthesis of DSR and DSDV, depends on middle nodes to establish and maintenanceroute table, uses sequence number to avoid the appearance of router circle, supportsthe function of group broadcast and QoS, uses IP address, depends on the networklink and doesn't support signal orientation Channel.TORA (Temporary OrderedRouting Algorithm) uses directed acyclic graph and link reversal, adaptive to theextremely active mobile network. In the end, the paper provides the simulate resultsof protocols mentioned above and makes a particular analysis.At last, concerning energy limited in ad hoe network, it is more and moreimportant to select efficient energy conservation. We introduce five standards toevaluate energy-aware routing protocol, and present a protocol aimed at maximizingthe life-span of a network without any central information about the topology ortraffic demands. We simulate this protocol in NS2 (Network Simulator Version 2),analyse the data and offer referrence to study ad hoc network.