Research And Implementation Of The Monitoring System Based On Wireless Sensor Networks, Oil Production And Crude Oil Transportation

The technologies of sensor, micro-electromechanical system and wireless network communication are integrated into the wireless sensor network which is responsible for monitoring and collecting the data, transferring the data, assessing and evaluating the information, performing decision-making and alarm functions. A wireless sensor network which presents several unique characteristics such as low cost, low consumption power, low data rate and so on, may be widely applied to industrial process, healthcare, commercial buildings, habitat monitoring etc. And it is drawing more and more attention.The leak of oil often occurs when oil pipes are heavily eroded during the process of crude oil transportation. And the situation of stealing oil from oil wells and pipes has become a serious problem in the past several years. These problems lead to not only the loss of property but also the pollution of local environment. However, it is very difficult to detect and monitor the phenomena that the crude oil is stolen, the oil pipes leak and oil-producing system doesn't work well.In this paper, the method is introduced that the oil-producing malfunction is monitored by the oil temperature and pressure in pipes during the process of oil production. Based on the wireless sensor network, a new kind of system is designed to detect the pressure and temperature of oil pipes and estimate the status of oil wells and oil pipes. The phenomenon is monitored immediately when the leak of oil occurs, the crude oil is stolen or the oil well doesn't work well. At the same time, an oil-producing trend is obtained by analyzing the information collected by the sensors. And the monitoring and alarming system helps to decrease the cost of production and improve the level of corporation management.The system consists of sensor nodes, sink nodes and manager nodes. The sensor node has the capacities of collecting data and routing the data back to the sink node. And the sink communicates with the manager node via internet or wireless local network. The manager node is composed of the communication unit for the reception of data from sinks, and the database server which centers on data analysis, data processing and data storage. In order to prolong the life of WSN, the sensor node has low power consumption. And embedded real-time operating system is employed to improve the reliability, stability and extensibility of system in the design of sink nodes. Sensor nodes collaborate with sinks and managers to carry out the collection, communication and processing of data. The designed system is easy to be used, convenient to maintain and characterized by low cost and low consumption power.In order to obtain a reliable and stable system, the implemented system is tested on two different star-topology networks. The experimented results show that the system is feasible and satisfies the requirements of oil production.