Bonan Means Of Livelihood Changes

Along with the accelerated process of modernization and urbanization, great changes have been taking place in China rural areas. With the implementing of the strategy and related policies on the Western Development Drive, Less Populated Nationality Development and Building A New Socialist Countryside, the overall changes have occurred in the countryside of West China. As one part of the overall changes, the changing of livelihoods has happened in the countryside. Under the new historical situation, it is significant to study the development of rural communities, especially the rule of changing of livelihoods.At present, agricultural production, Yaodao forging, individual stores, taxi driving and migrant work are the main means of livelihood of Baoan ethnic. All these choices of livelihood are effected by human capital, financial capital and social capital ,which are separately represented by labour, capital and interpersonal networks. The author conducts this fieldwork through accidental sample, participant observation, the questionnaire survey, colloquia and in-depth interviews aiming at the practical problems on migrant work. Firstly, the author gives an introduction to "Bao An San Zhuang"(Dadun village,Meipo village and Ganhetan village), literature review, research topics ,basic framework and research methods of this study. Then ,the policy and system, the farmers' asset position and their desire for development which affect the changes of livelihood are explained according to the longitudinal description on the livelihoods of Baoan ethnic. Moreover, the author analyses the influence of thoughts changing, the advanced standard of living and the social class structure, which are brought about by the livelihood changes . In this paper, the author attempts to display the complicated process on the livelihoods changing from unitary to diversity in the three villages. According to this field investigation, the author tries to bring forward proposals on sustainable livelihoods.There are two main creative points in this paper. The author, firstly, summarizes three characteristics after studying the process of adjusting their livelihoods, such as flexibility, diversity and contemporary. Secondly ,based on the analytical framework of DFID, the author puts forward the analytical method ICLS(short for "The individual choice of livelihood strategy "), and applies it to the microscopic analysis on the family livelihood, meanwhile broadening the application of the framework of sustainable livelihoods (that is the framework of DFID) from the macro to the micro areas.