Mao Zedong And The Chinese Family Planning Policy Formulation And Implementation

After the People's Republic of China was established, everything was waiting to be taken up. Facing the complicated international and domestic situation, the first generation of leaders which core is Mao Zedong, although busy with the reform and construction, had met severe questions about people, too. Influenced by traditional thought, accompany with social stability, the development of production, medical improvement, inadequate experience and the blindness imitated the Russian mode, China had presented the tendency of high born, low death and high growth. The pressure that population expanded rapidly made the country have very great difficulty in arranging the people's clothing, food, shelter and transportation, medical treatment, education, employment etc. Mao Zedong had made the judgment that "Lots of people is good thing" in the article of "bankrupt of idealistic conception of history" in order to refute the western speech against China. Though motivated the Chinese people to resist the western imperialist powers, emphasized people's creativity and refuted the pessimistic theory of population at that time, it potentially ignored the rule of population development and caused the one-sided, wrong demographic theory once in fashion, and it also made the Communist Party of China and the people's government relax the control on population increasing and had influenced the formulation and execution of the Family Planning, which caused serious consequence. Certainly, we should treat the influence of such one-sided demographic theory of Mao Zedong objectively which is not main reason about the population peak afterwards.Social reality that population increases sharply, general requirement and the voice from the pioneer of birth control, the population issue aroused great concern from Mao Zedong etc. Countries had issued a series of files to control birth rate nationwide. During this period, Mao Zedong showed his own idea about population issue, advocated bearing in a planned way and controlled population growth. We can draw the conclusion that he was the first person in the leaders of the Country and the Party to take out the family planning thought. However, after Great Leap Forwardbegan in 1958, the change of the political environment made state the leaders including Mao Zedong have contradictory psychology on population. Family planning guidelines was distorted which caused the Family Planning suffer a lot at the early-stage. The Family Planning became funerary object of the political movement. Mao Zedong had realized the importance and urgency of the family planning again since the middle of 1960s, but a large number of historical facts indicated that Mao Zedong's Family Planning thought and population policy waved largely, they often met the need of the political struggle which made them go into a blind way at that moment, and new population pressure led to the road of controlling the population again. We can see that they had not formed the scientific system that adhered to the China's actual conditions yet.In a word, Mao Zedong's thoughts of population are an important component of the whole of Mao Zedong Thought, the main fundamental key of Mao Zedong's population thought is to control the birth and advocate bearing in a planned way. The idea that Mao Zedong thought "More population is better" and encouraged population growth does not have scientific evidence. In addition, it is not scientific to say it was the criticism of Ma Yinchu and his "new people theory" that led to the population growth, even summarizing it as "criticizing a person by mistake and increasing extra 300 million ", we should not exaggerate the influence of the criticism to Ma Tinchu's "new theories of people" excessively.The positive impact emerging from the Chinese society in Family Planning is extensive and far-reaching. Review Mao Zedong's thoughts of people and Family Planning since the foundation of the People's Republic of China, we could get a lot of experiences and lessons. Evidence had proved that China's current Family Planning met people's fundamental needs. So insisting and perfecting Family Planning unswervingly is a long-term fundamental state policy to realize socialist modernization.