Rural Education And Cultural Mission

Liang Shuming is one of the most important thinkers during 1920s' to 1930s' in China. Shandong rural construction conducted by him was an exploration to the road of Chinese modernization, which has been recorded in Chinese Education History as a "new education action". Based on some research achievements that have been gain in this field, the thesis focus on the following three points from the view of education.1.The philosophy basis of Liang shuming's rural education theory: taking life as noumenon and society as standard. The former refers to the relation of individual which emphasizes forstering life noumenon as the number one. Liang shuming mixed Confucius and Henri Bergson's life philosophy together and put forward the point; The latter refers to the relation of education and society which emphasizes that last educational aim should point to the harmony of the whole society. This is Confucius traditional ideas.2.This thesis illustrates the features of Liang shuming's rural education theory through analyzing Village-school and Township-school including educational aim organization, course offered and teaching principle. The main features is flowing: Laying stress on social education and adult education, promoting the combination of politics and education, emphasizing moral education and advocating the combination of the intellectual and the farmer. It found that Liang shuming's rural education theory can fit in with the needs of the society and even overstep the time. And at the mean while it found that the theory conflict with the tendency of Chinese educational modernization and there are some paradoxes in the theory itself. For instance, Liang shuming's view of the combination of politics and education contracts with the secularization , rationalization of education which are the tendency of education modernization. Liang shuming hoped to replace Chinese new education with nonproductive education. The idea is out of tune with the melody of modern education,such as practicalization , specialization and scientifization. As of Liang shuming's theory itself, its educational form and aim are imcompatible with each other and there is paradox in his ideal personality.3.This thesis selected Xiaozhuang-school conducted by Tao xingzhi and Ding county rural common people education experiment by Yan yangchu which were representative at that time and compared them with Zouping's in order to understand Liang shuming's rural education theory more better.4.Before above three points this thesis combed Liang shuming's main thought in order to explain why he took rural construction as the only way to save the nation and why he took education as the most important way of rural construction.At the last of the thesis it discussed two trains of thought of education in Chinese modern history ,which one was "yizhi", the other was "neisheng". The thesis put forward some suggestions to the construction of the new educational system.