| New curriculum reform in the ordinary high school chemistry proposed a curriculum idea:"according to the history of human’s exploration of materials and their change and the development of chemistry, to instruct students to learn the basic principles and methods of chemistry and form scientific view of the world." Therefore, more and more people pay attention to the importance of chemical history. Teaching material is the medium in teaching activities. It is the carrier of curriculum, representing the aim and contents of the curriculum. It is also an important tool for teachers and students in the teaching activities, and the main source of student’s learning. It could be said that the textbook is an important link of the curriculum and the teaching. And the development of teaching material has a direct impact on teachers’teaching and students’ learning, which is related to the achievement of the curriculum idea and the curriculum goal. It will have an influence on the curriculum reform. As the world’s developed countries, the scientific education in America and Britain have been in the forefront of the world. Researches on the American and British chemical teaching materials, especially a comparative research between our chemistry textbook and theirs, can show the characteristics of each county and find the advantages and disadvantages of each country textbooks. These achievements will provide some new ideas to find appropriate way, which is suitable for Chinese chemical education.In this thesis, China textbook 《Ordinary high school curriculum standard chemistry experiment textbook (PEP Edition), American textbooks 《Chemistry:Concepts and Applications》 and English textbook 《Nuffield Advanced Chemistry》 were chosen. The contents of the chemical history in these three books were compared in order to find out the similarities and differences and the advantages and disadvantages of each book. The conclusions of the research will provide some references for textbook compiling, as well as it also can provide some helps and suggestions for teachers using the chemical history to make their teaching more perfect.This thesis consists of five chapters:The first chapter is the introduction. Some concepts such as the chemical history, teaching material were mainly explained. The present situation and development of chemical history education were reviewed. The aim of this work was proposed and the objects, research methods and theoretical basis were presented.In the second chapter, some statistical methods are used to make some statistics about the distribution of the chemical content of the history of geographical and time of three countries in textbook, scientists, the backgrounds of scientists, scientists" study method and presentations and locations the chemical history and so on.In the third chapter, three events in chemical history which both the three textbooks involves are selected as cases, to make a comparative research from the selection and arrangement of chemical history content and scientific contents (scientific method and scientific spirit).In the fourth chapter, some conclusions are put forword, based on the summary of statistics and case comparison. These conclusions find the common characteristics of the three chemistry textbook and the characteristics of each book.At the same time These conclusions praise the advantages on the selection and arrangement of the chemical history content in each textbook, and point out some defects and problems in Chinese textbook, against the in view of the existing textbooks in defects and problems in Chinese textbook, some suggestion are proposed, such as the supplement and adjustment on the chemical history content, showing these contents by story instead of statement, adding some exercises associated with the chemical history, adding more the background of scientists, developing more teaching reasours on chemical history. These suggestions can be used as references for textbook compiling and teaching. |
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