Resolve The Territorial Disputes In Yemen And Eritrea

In December 1995, forces of Eritrea and Yemen clashed over the islands of Greater Hanish and Jabal Zuqar in the southern Red Sea. This incident attracted international attention from the very beginning, with the mediation of the Franch envoy, the two sides signed agreement to deal with this territory conflict under the judge of Permantent Court of Arbitration (PCA). Finally, both the governments of Yemen and Eritrea accepted the two-phase Awards issued by the Arbitration Tribunal in 1998 and 1999 respectively and solved this conflict peacefully. Unfortunately, in 2001, Yemen and Eritrea got some divorgence of the Awards and made the situation complex again. The Hanish Archipelago lies along the shipping lane, which is one of the critical'choke points'of world trade and western oil supply, guarding the route from the Arab Gulf to the Suze canal. To get this islands will benefit the owner strategically and economically.In the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne, Turkey made a general renunciation of all rights and titles of the Hanish Archipelago, from then on , it had been owned by no country legally. Therefore, Yemen and Eritrea (or Ethiopia) dispute on the ownership of this islands. In 1995, the dormant dispute was rekindled by oil leasing and tourism.This paper is devoted to analyze the historical ownership of the Hanish Islands and reveal the general background,reason and process of the militry conflict between Yemen and Eritrea in 1995. The Arbitration of the PCA and it's effection is also to be discussed in the paper. At last , It's very important to make a evaluation of the whore process of the dispute and some discussion in the conclusion part.It's expected to answer the following key questions in this paper: who should get the sovereignty of this islands? why the territory dispute didn't breakout before 1995? Why the two parties choose to solve the problem through Arbitration? what is the problem of the Arbitration?"who"involved in the 1995 conflict?...