Rural Grassroots Mediation Model Of Social Contradictions And Innovative Research

Created in 1963, Feng Qiao Experience has been developing over the past four decades. And it has gone through three stages:the experience of political conflicts and social reforms against the background of class struggle; the experience of comprehensive administration of social security; the experience of villager self-admistration and grassroots democracy and law construction. During the process, its original essence is inherited and enriched as well. As for today's Feng Qiao Experience, its essense is to prevent and mediate social conflicts; its purpose is to administer social security comprehensively and create a peaceful social environment; The local government should strengthen the leadership and supervision of villager self-administration, set its authority and enhance the interaction between the government and the villages. By reinforcing the government leadership, village organization and system construction, the grassroots autonomous administration will be standardized. This can ensure a stable environment for local economy development and lead to a better construction and development of modern rural areas. And all these can contribute to the primary construction of a harmonious society.The essence of Feng Qiao Experience is "trifles are solved in the village, serious matters are solved in the town and no conflicts are submitted.", which is a successful experience of administrating grassroots society of Chinese rural areas.Currently, conflicts in China are frequent, diverse, complicated and periodic. And in rural areas where the gap is further widening, conflicts occur more often. After investigations, Feng Qiao Experience has proved efficient in mediating grassroots conflicts. Fengqiao local government arranges for different groups to mediate and solve the conflicts according to the relevant object, nature, influence and possible later development, especially some conflicts concerning family ethics. In principle, the procedure of conflict solving is by the village, by administration departments and then by the town. If this procedure doesn't work, the Town Mediation Committee makes the final mediation decision and informs the person concerned to appeal to law. "Four Pre-conflict Ways", "Four Advanced Principles", "Conflict Mediation Principle", "Three-step Mediation Interaction Principle" and more other principles play an important role in preventing conflicts, stablizing rural areas, and so on. The principles can be generalized to three aspects:No.1 is prevention. It is shown in "Four Pre-conflict Ways". No.2 is efficiency. It means "department cooperation, village and town interaction" and "trial and mediation interaction". No.3 is standards. Systems like "Six priorities", "Four Unities" and "Six Centers" are fully applied in mediation.Conflict solving by mediation saves much time, stops conflicts from worsening, helps villagers learn to control, instruct and serve themselves, saves legal resources and reduces costs. In the meanwhile, Fengqiao Experience improves harmony and promotes democracy.Of course, Feng Qiao Experience has its unavoidable disadvantages. For example, its implementation is restricted by regions, costs and means.Feng Qiao Experience is just like a "filter" which makes conflict easy to solve and no necessary to appeal to law. It solves conflict at a low cost, in a short time and by harmonious means, but after all it is not omnipotent.