The History Of Ideas, Shou Comments

Annals of the Three Kingdoms, as a biographical history of country which recorded changeable history of hundred years of reforms in the Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties, has been published. Since being published, its author Chen Shou, a historiographer of Jin Dynasty, has received continuous comments by the later generation scholars on his innovative style as well as tactful calligraphy. Some approved, while other ridiculed. Based on the different political stands and academic interests as well as the different values and the influence of historical ideological trend, historians made distinctive and diverse interpretations to the historiographer Chen Shou through careful comparison and study of Annals of the Three Kingdoms.Being different from previous academic researches on Chen Shou or Annals of the Three Kingdoms, this paper will take the comments to Chen Shou as selected topic conception, and take the different periods remarks by historians to Chen Shou as the master line in the context of the times. Combination of the different periods of historical ideological trend and the historical era of critics, this paper is to comprehensively and objectively excavate and analyse historical thought on the judgment to Chen Shou or Annals of the Three Kingdoms,and further do a systematic research and arrangement in order to make every effort to show Chen Shou in all previous historians eyes; thus we can further and thoroughly understand the evolution of Chinese historical thought and its special characteristics.In foundation of the full search, comparison, study and summarizing the historical data, this article roughly divides the millennium historical comments to Chen Shou into four parts, including three periods according to the intrinsic logical characteristics of the development of Historiography itself. The first part is the Wei,Jin,Sui and Tang Dynasties. This time was not only the Chinese history ranging from the unification to the fission and to the unified political situation, but also was the academic division period that Historiography was separated from the shackles of Classics and moved toward the independence. Besides, it was the early period of the Publication of Annals of the Three Kingdoms. Influenced by many factors, historians commented on the writing style of Annals of the Three Kingdoms, the calligraphy, the book's literary grace, the selection of materials and other aspects with the graceful spirit, broad vision and outspoken personality. They, in whole, affirmed and praised Chen Shou as "a talent of the good history". The Second part is the Song Dynasties. Influenced by the political situation and the bloom of The Spring and Autumn Annals study as well as the raising of the New-Confucianism, historians mostly took the famous The Spring and Autumn Annals as a dominant measure against Chen Shou's historical talent. They nearly unanimously denounced Chen Shou for the negligence of orthodoxy Compilation of Annals of the Three Kingdoms, but rarely mentioned or discussed other aspects. Therefore it concluded the historical concepts and ideas that Chen Shou did not understand the ethics principle of righteousness, so they ridiculed the flaw of "a talent of the good history". Comparison to the previous periods, this period formed the different characteristics of historical comments and the argument style. The third part is the Ming and Qing Dynasties. After the mid-Ming Dynasty, the New-Confucianism was gradually declining; the trend of pragmatic thought was increasingly rising; the historical criticism has been growing mature. Many historians were able to take an objective attitude, rational thinking, fair and square standpoint and calm state of mind to re-examine and interpret Chen Shou. Although there has had different views by the individual historians, they could not hide the historical criticism banquet formed by this period's groups of historians who analyzed and understood the difficulties of Chen Shou with the scientific method of "Comments figures combined with background" Therefore, the comments to Chen Shou have reached climax and peak. The paper's three main parts are the above three periods respectively. The Last part mainly summarizes and induces above content, and further forms the overall features of the comments to Chen Shou.This paper seeks to use comparison, analysis, induction and other historical research methods to carefully classify and earnestly read all comments to Chen Shou by previous historians. Combination of characteristics of the times and the development of historiographical trend, this paper deeply digs out the behind society and history factors, thus giving reasonable interpretations. On these bases, the paper offers the summary and further overall features of the comments to Chen Shou. Through analyzing and summarizing, it is attempt to help us have an objective, rational and scientific understanding and recognition of the evolution of ancient Chinese history track and the great historiographer Chen Shou as well as his Annals of the Three Kingdoms.