Chinese Fixed Format Case Studies

This text is divided into three parts: introduction,"fei X bu Y"case analysis and "bu X bu Y"case analysis.Introduction discusses the connotation,structure,characteristics,research general situation and research significance of "format". Inbroad sense, format includes fixed phrases such as sentence patterns,sentence constructions,or idioms, proverbs etc.In narrow sense, itonly means a kind of fixed grammatical structure which has a frameproperty with fixed compositions matching each other, includingmorphology and syntax format.It constitues of fixed compositionand free composition in structure, having the feature of fixity,independence and generative. The research of format is turned fromthe pure essence research to case study together with the secondlanguage teaching ,from focusing on the excavation, analysis anddescription of the language facts to the gradual diversity of thetheorectical methods, from the simple description to seeking theinterpretation. The research of format not only theorectically helps toreveal grammatical regulation but also contributes to the secondlanguage teaching in practice .The analysis of "fei X bu Y" format includes four parts : format meaning,syntactic features ,semantic and pragmatic analysis. In Chinese language the format expresses affirmative emphatic meaning in the form of double negative and is classified into three categaries: "fei X bu ke (xing, cheng)", "fei X bu VP","fei X". "fei X bu ke (xing, cheng)"semantically indicates the unshakeable subjective desire, the inevitable conjectural consequences and indispensable objective requirement. In general "fei X" is used into rhetorical question and to continue from preceding paragraph, tending to show subjective wish to do this. "Fei X bu VP" is classified into two categaries: "fei VP₁ bu VP₂" and "fei NP bu VP". The "X" in the format is contrastive focus of a sentence and the emphatic information that sentence emphasizes, having the feature of [+ prominence] and [+ contrast]. The presupposition must exsit when"fei X bu Y" highlights.The "bu X bu Y" is the special and negative format in Chinese language which expresses various negative meanings.Its negative meanings are divided into five categories: the emphatic negation, the complete negation of negating the two extremes respectively, negating two extremes to project the third state, negating two extremes to affirm the intermediate state, the relation of conditional assumption. The format includes one-way fixed alignment and two-way mutual converse because of having the property of array syntactically .Together with the property of array and the distribution of focus,the format is divided into five types : consolidation of single focus, dispersion of double focuses, focusing of single suppositional focus, focusing of single midpoint focus, array of double linear focuses.