Social Capital Theory Of Historical Materialism

The social capital concept has been proposed not More than 20 years, but it has received the high attention by the various disciplines of the social sciences and has formed the extremely rich theory achievement because it has the formidable explanation strength to the real life. Generally speaking, this fundamental research still remains at an immature stage, looking to the social capital theory research situation by synthesizing the domestic and foreign scholars. The social capital researches are mostly in the stages of the theory supposition, the real diagnosis investigation, the experience analyzes, and drawing the conclusion, are still in the low levels and lacks the philosophy analysis which has the characteristic of generality, systematism, and theorization. Therefore it has the necessity to analysis the social capital from a philosophical perspective, especially from the Marxist historical materialism perspective.Its theory significance lies in: First, it may promote the innovation and development of social capital theory by providing the philosophical perspective, viewpoints and methods for the social capital theory research. Second, it promotes the enrichment and development of Marxist historical materialism by deepening the basic tenets of historical materialism in light of the new features of the time. Third, it's helpful in promoting the modern value of traditional Chinese culture throughresearching the social capital theory from the historical materialism perspective.Its practical significance lies in: it all has the guiding sense to the construction of the harmonious society, the socialist market economy development, the construction of socialism new countryside and so on from the historical materialism angle research social capital theory.The social capital theory involves the sociological, economic, politics multi-disciplinary domains. This article attempts to carry on the analysis to the social capital theory from the historical materialism perspective .In the process, it not only quotes the real diagnosis material and the conclusion indirectly, but also inspects its historical development from the dynamic perspective and summarizes its rich connotation from the static perspective; it not only analyzes its operation process from the microscopic perspective, and discusses its practical significance from the macroscopic perspective.Therefore, the research techniques in the article mainly involve: The method of unifying the theory and the practice; the method of the combination of dynamic and static; the method of the combination of the microscopic and macroscopic states; the method of the Marxism On Practice and the human study research technique; the core of these methods is the theory of the social relations .The first chapter of the paper inspected the present situation of thesocial capital research firstly, and then proposed the historical materialism research perspective. The social capital essentially is the structure and the function of the social relations, researching from human's social relations perspective. The social relations theory has provided the starting point and the methodology for the social capital research: On the one hand, in limiting the social capital concept, it's a special form of capital and it should integrate such concepts as social network, social resources from the macroscopical perspective. On the other hand, the social relations theory has provided the research basic point for the research of the essence and the attribute of the social capital. Furthermore, the fundamental research of the social capital deepens the fundamental research about the human's essence and the social relations.The second chapter summarizes the connotation of the social capital, and discusses its practical significance in the foundation of the scientific theory analysis. It's a special form of capital and it should be based on such concepts as social network, social resources. As the capital, it is inevitably have the characteristics of increment, productiveness, and venture. Therefore, the social capital has either good or bad influence to its user. The social capital also should relates with the specific community or societal history cultural contexts, especially paying attention to the culture and the region and understanding the constitution way and movement way of the social capital in different community or society.Based on the above understanding, the social capital may be interpreted in this way: The Social capitals, are these kinds of social relations by which the subject, which include the individual, group and society, taking the traditions of history and culture, the values and the modes of behavior as the backdrop, integrates the resources of network in the structure of community and contacts with the objects to form the mutual trust and cooperation, and then to achieve the goal, especially to achieve the additional proceeds.The third chapter of this paper inspected the practice essence and the main body attribute of the social capital. The social capital is produced in the contact practice in the sight of the historical materialism. The important social function of the intercourse practice is both manifests or maintains a certain social capitals, and impetus and realizes their change. The production of the social capital is one form of the social productions, it has the objectivity and is the unification of generality and the particularity of the social production. Any social capital productivity, only corresponding with the productive relations of the social capital production, can form the productive methods that produce the social capital; it thus produces certain social capital and then the social capital production both opposes other form social productions and unifies them.Further said that, the social capital is structural, it is the conversion of renewable and structural characteristics instead of an indispensableentity. In order to avoid materialized or the dissimilation, the social capital should be a general existence, and develop toward the humanist direction.