On Zhang Jian Agricultural Thought And Practice

Through the analysis on development of agricultural condition of the late Qing Dynasty and in the beginning of Republic of China, This thesis study the process concerning ZHANGjian's formation and development of his agricultural thoughts, and discuss ZHANGjian's thoughts and actions of agriculture modernization. The author is determined to make a comprehensive and objective evaluation upon ZHANGjian in the process of Chinese agriculture modernization.In the late Qing Dynasty and in the beginning of Republic of China, Chinese agriculture was in the transitional period from the tradition to the modern, the capitalist factor was increased, and the modern company of capitalism nature began to appear in the agriculture. This made the Chinese traditional agriculture transfer gradually to the capitalist trend. ZHANGjian was a "transitional predecessor" in modern China , and he offered a series of thoughts on agriculture modernization. Though he insisted on viewing agriculture as the country's foundation , he broke through the traditional self-sufficiency agriculture system and developed the capitalist agriculture. He also attached importance to setting up the agriculture education. So he conducted actively the practice in the area of agriculture, he set up the earliest company of agriculture in modern China and a number of agriculture schools, worked out the measure to reform Chinese traditional agriculture. This laid a foundation for the modernization of NanTong and around area, affected the entire control, won the praise from the people.Because of the limitations of society, the weak and incompetent of government and the absence of modern industry, ZHANGjian's ideals that intended to lead the manageable method of capitalism to the traditional agriculture were not realized. The measures of reforming the traditional agriculture and setting up the agriculture schools were not completed. In addition, as a member of the capitalist class, ZHANGjian couldn't beyond the limitations of compromise and weak of it's, he approved the reformism. But the history proved that the industry and education couldn't save China under the combined oppression rule of the imperialism and feudalism, and it couldn't make China to realize the modernization.In conclusion, though there were some limitations in the process of developing agriculture capitalism, ZHANGjian had laid a foundation for the modernization of Chineseagriculture.