Brezhnev Period The Soviet Union's Energy Policy

This thesis studies the energy of development and decision-making on Soviet Union during Brezhnev era, what impacts on polity and economy spheres.The Brezhnev era was very important period in history of Soviet Union. At this eighteen years comprehensive national strength reached its zenith (1964-1982), the economic power grew to the second of whole world which just behind the USA; its military power almost as same as American's, people's material wealth and the level of culture are obviously better than other periods. In the other hand, compared to the achievement what already had, the highly centralized of political and economic system are further strengthen which became to the heavy prison to social productive forces and whole country. Although soviet leaders have knew more or less about the problems of soviet system, they still didn't insist any effectively reform. In this period, soviet power was from glory to decline, and all of part had profoundly crisis. The study to the energy policy of Brezhnev era. especially to the problems of soviet economic development at the soviet energy got the unprecedented development moment which it had very significant to that analyzed the reason and lesson of the upheaval. To the point of view that some experts thought that the decline of soviet economy was because of it far too reliant on "oil dollar", this thesis will expound and prove that the deep reason about soviet economics'prosperous and decline from objective angles. In fact, it was because soviet developed one sided which was military industrial in its economy. Under the policy of the military founding, the lopsided development of economic system led crisis in the soviet at last, and excessively reliance on energy also was special expression in this lopsided system.this thesis is mainly discuss the following five parts:The first part introduces the economic backdrops in the Brezhnev era what include the backdrops, stage of development and the results of new economic reform and energy industry in the new economic reform. The special performance of soviet energy with the new economic reform have deeply relationships what can be the backdrop knowledge to help after discussions.The second part is the analysis of the soviet domestic energy policies. In the Brezhnev era, rapid developing in the energy field was a objective historical fact what no matter in the overall yield or industry development both reached the unprecedented level. But with this development appeared the problems and the abuses which led the soviet energy development go to deadlock at last.The third part mainly analysis the foreign performance in the soviet energy. Energy is very important chip to the soviet foreign strategy. To east Europe, energy is direct power what can push their economic development; but to the west, the soviet energy is a Double-edged sword that can help them also can hurt them.The fort part analysis the development of soviet energy in the economic relationship of east-west. In this relationship American is always the party who had the control power, but the development of soviet energy is a important object which made American have to bewared. That because many variables in energy field were joint action by polity, economy, diplomatic, military etc. and especially to development of soviet energy.The fifth part is summarize and thinking to the problem of energy development in Soviet Union. In the Brezhnev era. the mainly performances of energy development were increase of energy productions, establish of new energy bases and expand of exports. But those performances have limited to help economic deterioration. Rather the development of energy was limited by soviet economic structure than soviet energy in this period have no space to independent development and what became to continuously for object under the rigid political and economic system.