"the Peony Pavilion" Particle Research

From mid Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, it is the transitional stage and the modem Chinese partical development important period. This period, Chinese auxiliary system still continue in Yuan and Ming standard adjustment track the unceasing development. Meanwhile, new auxiliary system also appeared alternately. On one hand, it continue to use ancient and mediaeval classical auxiliary. On the other hand, with a number of emerging of auxiliary appeared and widely used, it fully reappeared the mid Ming Dynasty of the basic features of spoken English.The auxiliary system of Mu Dan Ting is mainly consisted of four small kind components. They are dynamic auxiliary, things auxiliary, structural auxiliary words and tone auxiliary.Firstly, Mu Dan Ting's dynamic auxiliary are basically "Le", "Zhe","Guo", "Jiang", "Kan". In some dynamic auxiliary, the complete state of "Guo" and "Jiang" use frequency is very low. Because of the limit of its own function, they were gradually replaced in "Le" or "Zhe". In the end they quit the stage of history. Beginning of Song Dynasty, with dynamic auxiliary system internal adjustment, the auxiliary division gradually incline to onefold.Secondly, Mu Dan Ting's things auxiliary are mainly "Le2" and "Lai". It is not the example of "Qu" in the book. Compared with the cases of "Lei", the use quantity of "Le2" is significantly reduced. There are nine kinds syntactic format, such as "DongBin+Le", "DongBu+Le", "Xing+Le" and so on. Simultaneously, it appeared some used together form with other auxiliary "De" and "Zhe". The case of "Lai" is relatively less and simpler. It primarily used to represent the CengRan or JiangRan.Thirdly, Mu Dan Ting's structural auxiliary are mainly six kinds, such as "De", "De", "De", "Zhi", "Ge", "Jia" and so on. The use of "De" is more agile, it can be placed behind of nouns, verbs, adjectives, or phrases, sentences as attributive. The case of "De" is relatively less, it regards only as adverbial in some sentences. The function and usage of "De" tend to be perfect and it mainly used as complements logo. The function of "Zhi" as structural auxiliary also tends to be single, it mainly used as attributive, it's function is equivalent with "De". "Ge" is a southern dialect colorific structural auxiliary, it mainly used as the attributive and adverbial in some sentences. The grammatical function of "Jia" appeared the Ming Dynasty, it's partial usage began to disappear and it's basic function coincided in "De"Finally, Mu Dan Ting's tone auxiliary is most obvious, it not only inherited the usage of classical Chinese modal particles in "Ye", "Yi", "Zai", "Hu". But also it followed the usage of "Me", "Na", "BianLiao", "He", "Li", they produced in from Tang and Song Dynasties to Yuan Dynasty. Academically, it appeared the example of "Ya", "Hai", "Ai", "Dou", "Cha" in some old novels or Chinese opera. Simultaneously, it appeared the two tone auxiliary application, such as "AiYe", "AiYo", "AiYa" and so on. At the same time, it produced some special forms like "Sha", "ZeGe", "Deng", "Sheng", "De" ect. Tone auxiliary in Mu Dan Ting is the most frequent alternation and alternate members. From ancient Chinese to medieval, modern until contemporary Chinese, the system of tone auxiliary has been carried out adjustments. During this time, new members constantly emerged, some members have quit the stage of history.Anyhow, Mu Dan Ting's all kinds of auxiliary internal system pass to adjustment and regulation tends to clear, and the function and division of auxiliary is stable. The cross interoperable phenomenon tends to decrease, but also reflects the auxiliary system internal members to coexist, alternate between the process.The use of language requires specification, the function of language demands clearness and singleness, the expression or language requires accuracy and reason, auxiliary system is also like this. Along with society and the development of language, the auxiliary system internal members also want to comply with the language of regulation mechanism. On one hand, we should simplify all kinds of forms and choose the best way to utilize. On the other hand, we should meet the needs of social communication, and finally put those can stand the test of language systems partical survived.Auxiliary system of internal members reflected the historical evolution process of the "coexistent" and "alternative" mechanism grammatical principles.In Mu Dan Ting, the auxiliary members followed the usage of ancient Chinese and reproduced the auxiliary cases of medieval and modern. Together they formed the auxiliary system of Mu Dan Ting. This system is fully reflect the "coexistent" mechanism of grammatical principles. This also means that a grammatical function can also have several grammatical forms to express, which a kind of form emerges, old forms are not immediately disappear, they will coexist for a period of time.Various of auxiliary system members choose the most suitable form to express its corresponding grammatical function and meaning. It reflects the "alternative" mechanism of grammatical principles. That is to say the use of language process, the same grammatical functions often use several grammatical forms to express. This process neither satisfy streamline the requirement of the specifications, also can cause grammar system internal overstaffed. This determines the language in its own system of regulating, it will have one or two forms blooming, eventually becoming a grammatical functions of representative form.