| Objective:To explore the impact of the risk factors of voice diseases on the voice diseases and the different risk factors on the interactive strength so as to provide scientific basis for the treatment and prevention of voice diseases by investigation and analysis on the voice conditions of teachers in universities and colleges.Methods:All of 810 teachers of 39 departments in 13 universities and colleges of Taiyuan in Shanxi Province from 2008 to 2009 were carried out the multiple factor study on the voice diseases by a questionnaire survey,which included questionnaire on the voice diseases of the teachers in 13 universities and colleges and the voice handicap index(VHI),the detection of working environment and the assessment of voice diseases so as to obtain the related information and data on the voice diseases.The t-test,X~2 test and non-conditional Logistic regression analysis were performed by statistical software SPSS13.0 and the statistical treatment was estimated OR value and 95%confidential interval by Mantal-Haenszel so as to make clear the risk factors and the interactive strength of voice diseases.Results:The questionnaire data were collected to carry out the univariate non-conditional Logistic regression analysis on the 10 factors that may affect the voice diseases of teachers in universities and colleges.The results showed that there was relation between the teaching age,weekly class hours,whether or not drinking in class,smoking quantity,drinking alcohol quantity and the voice diseases.Other factors were not found statistical relation.Many factors that may affect the voice diseases of teachers in universities and colleges were performed by multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression analysis and the factors that entered the regression model by stepwise regression method were the teaching age,weekly class hours,smoking quantity and drinking alcohol quantity.The results showed that first,the years of the teaching age had closely relation with the prevalence rate of voice diseases and there were obvious relevance between the two.The prevalence rate of voice diseases showed there was a tendency of increase as the teaching age increased and there was a significant difference(P＜0.05).Second,the class hours per week had closely relation with the prevalence rate of voice diseases.The comparison showed the more class hours per week had,the higher the prevalence rate of abnormalities was increased.There was a significant difference according to statistical analysis(P＜0.05).Third, There was a significant difference in prevalence rate of voice diseases between the smoking teachers and non-smoking teachers.The more cigarettes smoked per day, the higher the prevalence rate of the voice diseases was significantly increased and there was a significant difference by the statistical analysis(P＜0.05). fourth,There was a significant difference in prevalence rate of voice diseases between the teachers who had the drinking habits(average weekly alcohol consumption(frequency) at 1-5 and≥5 times the range) and the non-drinking habits(average weekly alcohol consumption(frequency) at≤1 times the scope of).The more drinking quality(frequency) was increased every week,the higher the prevalence rate of voice diseases was increased and there was a significant difference according to statistical analysis(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The obtained risk factors of voice diseases include the teaching age,weekly class hours,smoking quantity and drinking alcohol quantity in this survey on the voice disease of teachers in universities and colleges.A detailed discussion suggests that the prevention and self-health care of voice diseases may be of an essential significance.And at the same time,we should also pay attention to the voice disease-related factors(related diseases,the environment, drinking habits,sex,psychological impact,etc.) on the impact of voice diseases, remind us that a comprehensive understanding for voice diseases and occupational disease risk factors,high-risk groups of the teaching profession voice diseases need establishing a set of standardized assessments,research and treatment system so as to develop the teacher professional voice and speech training and to further improve the prevention and health care and treatment of the voice diseases of the teachers in universities and colleges. |
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