Analysis Of Traditional Rural Cooperative Medical System And Its Practical Significance

In today's China, "seeing a doctor is difficult and expensive" is not only bothering people from rural area, but also people from urban area. However, the situation is worse in rural area. Poverty caused by illness intensifies the living crisis in rural area, obstructs the development of rural economics, and slows down the process of realizing affluent society. The construction of rural cooperative medical care system has entered a new historical period. As the major form of rural medical insurance, rural cooperative medical care system attracted worldwide attention in the collective economy period because of its success. It was called "Sanitation Revolution". As it met the basic medical demands of rural area at that time, when medical treatment technique was not advanced and the society was short of supplies, the author wanted to point out the active factors of traditional rural cooperative medical care system and internal reasons for great achievements in the past as well. At last, derived inspiration from studying, some suggestions about constructing and improving the new rural cooperative medical care system is given by the article.Action arena theory is used for analyzing how the policy become effective, with which in accidenttly accord author's aim. Action arena theory has two main factors, which are action scene and actor. It contains system how to influent the actor by molding action scene so as to regulate the behavior of actor and adopt themselves to scene, attain the aim. The theory can explain why the traditional rural cooperative medical care system can run successfully. First of all, the author decomposes the theory, then analyses all factors' origin, and finds out the reason in the end. The reason is that the traditional rural cooperative medical care system bases on the core funds from themselves for contenting with rural people's needs of basic medical service, attaining the direct aim of medical insurance, and adopting some measures to reduce the cost of medical service and the burden of cooperative medical funds. These steps form a stable policy system, and hold an action arena for the system running effectively. Any factor is to be an action scene. Every factor also finds out its origin from pre-policy. The effects of the three links form a stable policy system and become the "action arena" for system. The origin of each effect can be found in the previous policies which provided a good social mental environment for the popularization of the policy, even to a certain extent became a decisive factor of people's action. Some active effects caused by system design were also included in the factors. Making good use of the two theories, breaking the rules of studying history changes, the author combines two study methods: documents study method and history study method in the field of studying traditional rural cooperative medical care system.In the rural cooperative medical care system people from rural area took part in the system voluntarily. The system was supported by collective economy. The share of medical fund was not only the major character, but also the key mechanism of the system. In order to met the demands of rural area, the system carried out the policy of putting prevention first, economized on medical work, advocated traditional Chinese medical science and traditional Chinese medicine, constructed and improved the network of rural medical treatment and sanitation, sent medical personnel from urban area to rural area, organized large scale medical team to touring the country and training numbers of barefoot doctors. All these factors formed in a certain period and they made up the whole system of traditional rural cooperative medical care. People's concept had been affected by these factors. Therefore, all the factors lasted and had been adjusted. Firstly, the concept of cooperation struck root in the hearts of the people. Collective life had become the basic pattern of people's daily life. Collective economy entity supported the traditional rural cooperative medical care system with fund and management. Collective life provided people with communicative platform which had become an important position for carried out rural sanitary work. The concept of sticking to patriotic sanitation campaign, paying great attention to illness prevention trained sanitary habit and health protection concept of which improved the health situation of people. The pressure of material shortage and natural disasters made people realized the importance of economize on materials. Economize on medical materials was also popular so that the cost of medical treatment had been reduced as well as the burden of patients. Attach importance to traditional Chinese medical science had become only traditional Chinese medical science. Traditional Chinese medical science was popularized in medical work. Strengthened the study of traditional Chinese medicine in order to carry forward and developed the spirit of traditional medical science. Kept improving the sanitary health protection network of rural area. Brought the sanitary work to rural people. These formed simple rural sanitary prevention system. Popularize education and improve the situation of poor cultural level in rural area, reserve personnel for future rural work. Early stage personnel training emerged at that time as well from which the experiences of training rural personnel were gained. Certainly, we should also recognize the historical limit of traditional rural cooperative medical care system. To sum up the conclusions mentioned above, the article provides some suggestions for the construction of new type of rural cooperative medical care system: firstly, systematize political design, improve political design in order to avoid deviating from the target, pay attention to the continuity of policy, strengthen the responsibility of the government, construct harmonious mutually trusted social atmosphere.The new type of rural cooperation medical system is not only the first step towards a higher level of rural medical care system, but also towards the national medical system. People from rural area place all their hopes on this new system. Although being beset with difficulties, under the situation of developing the rural society in full scale, learning from the past, the new type of rural cooperative medical care system will achieve brilliant success.