| Objective: To the wild root of Fangfeng and cultivation, cultivation from different areas and different cultivation methods of quality comparison; for the cultivation of Fangfeng provide a scientific basis for clinical application.Method: 1. Character identification, microscopic identification and integration of physical and chemical identification of the collected Fangfeng and Pieces of a species identification, and from the character, microstructure, physical and chemical aspects of the various Fangfeng analysis and comparison.2. Comparative quality indicators:⑴Pharmacopoeia indicators: An HPLC method of Fangfeng on the chromone compounds, comparative analysis; Pharmacopoeia by the People's Republic of the 2005 edition of leaching method of Fangfeng of alcohol-leaching content and some samples of water-soluble extract were determined in comparison.⑵other indicators: Phenol - sulfuric acid method of Fangfeng the polysaccharide content to determine comparative analysis; use gas - the use of technology to the volatile oil precautions comparison ;analysis and comparison of HPLC fingerprint precautions.Results: 1. After investigating the source of goods on the market for the mainstream varieties authentic Fangfeng, Pieces in the local Xi supplies, some containing counterfeit goods.2. Character, microstructure, physical and chemical identification of the results:⑴the cultivated and wild Fangfeng significantly different traits, easy distinction, as demonstrated by the color of herbs, root head, texture, smell and the section ;There are large differences in the microstructure, mainly in friedel, in layer thickness, tubing number of phloem and the number of fissures; in the physics and chemistry have no clear distinction.⑵northeastern cultivation and Hebei cultivation of Fangfeng can be differences in the characters, as demonstrated in the surface color, smell and root head; in the microstructure can be differentiated mainly in friedel in layer thickness, number of phloem and tubing.⑶seed cultivation and cutting the root of Fangfeng in a clear distinction traits, mainly in the form roots, no significant difference in the microstructure.3. Quality indicators results of this comparison:⑴Pharmacopoeia indicators:①the chromone compounds results: two chromone the Cimicifuga-glycosides and 5 - O-methyl Weishiami glycosides of wild Fangfeng the average levels were 0.43%, 0.23%; two chromone of cultivation Fangfeng the average levels were 0.35%, 0.21%, including two chromone of the Northeast cultivation of Fangfeng the average levels were 0.32%, 0.29%, the Hebei cultivation of Fangfeng of two chromone's average levels were 0.47%, 0.18%; Anguo seed cultivation of Fangfeng two chromone's the average levels were 0.44%, 0.21%, cutting of Fangfeng two chromone's the average levels were 0.21 %, 0.14%; Fangfeng Pieces two chromone's the average levels were 0.38% and 0.20%.Wild Fangfeng the two chromone's average total of 0.66%, cultivation of Fangfeng the chromone's the average total of 0.56%, the Northeast cultivation of Fangfeng the the chromone's the average total of 0.61%, Hebei cultivation of Fangfeng the the chromone's the average total of 0.65%, Anguo seed cultivation of Fangfengin the the chromone's the average total of 0.55%, cutting the original color of Fangfeng the two chromone's average total of 0.35% , windbreak Pieces two chromone's the average total of 0.58%.Summing up the above precautions chromone of wild Fangfeng higher than the original one in cultivation, but the chromone of Hebei cultivation Fangfeng the same as wild Fangfeng; the content of chromone of the seed cultivation of Fangfeng higher than the original cutting of Fangfeng. But overall, in addition to cutting Fangfeng was lower, the other non-significant difference.②alcohol content of the leaching results: the wild Fangfeng's the leaching average level was 26.8 %, with a pass rate of 100 %; the cultivation of Fangfeng the leaching of the average content was 39.4%, with a pass rate of 100%, including Northeast cultivation of Fangfeng the leaching average concentration was 38.5%, Hebei of Fangfeng the average leaching content was 40.7%, cutting cultivation Fangfeng the average levels of leaching was 44.0%, seed cultivation of Fangfeng leaching of the average content of 37.4%. Pieces of the leaching precautions average level of 29.5 %, with a pass rate of 100 %. From above we can know, Cultivation of Fangfeng the content of leaching 10 per cent higher than the wild Fangfeng; over the Northeast and Hebei cultivation of Fangfeng precautions, and the Hebei culturalthe root of Fangfeng the cultivation of seeds and cuttings of Fangfeng the content of leaching were no significant difference.③part of Fangfeng water-soluble extract sample results: wild Fangfeng 10.2%, Northeast cultivation of Fangfeng 17.2%, Fangfeng Anguo seed cultivation 21.5%, Anguo cutting Fangfeng 23.9%. Water-soluble extract in Anguo cultivation of Fangfeng > Northeast cultivation of Fangfeng > wild Fangfeng, it's reflected in the carbohydrate content of Fangfeng, in line with changes in the law Fangfeng sweetness. Comparison of Fangfeng ample extract content and the chromone, that the two are not related, the leaching do not reflect the content of chromone, it should be with the other components of the precautions.⑵other indicators:①polysaccharide content results: wild Fangfeng the polysaccharide content of the average was 4.41 %; cultivation of Fangfeng the polysaccharide content of the average was 4.66 %, the Northeast cultivation of Fangfeng the polysaccharide content of the average 5.16% ; Hebei cultivation of Fangfeng the polysaccharide content of the average 4.40 %. Different methods of cultivation, seed cultivation of Fangfeng the polysaccharide content of the average was 3.85%, the cutting cultivation of Fangfeng the polysaccharide content of the average was 4.62 %. Polysaccharide precautions Pieces of the average levels was 4.11%.Summing up the above precautions, polysaccharides in the wild root of Fangfeng is lower than the cultivated especially Northeast cultivation, seed cultivation of Fangfeng the polysaccharide content lower than cutting Fangfeng.②results of the volatile oil: oil volatile oil to the Northeast cultivation Fangfeng rates was 0.20% , Anguo cultivation of Fangfeng 0.12%, wild Fangfeng 0.21%. Cultivation of Fangfeng wild and volatile oil content were higher: wild Fangfeng ginseng alcohol 33.19%, aldehyde digoxin 8.56%, [1 - methyl-4 - (5 - methyl-1 - Methylene -4 - f alkenyl) - Cyclohexene] 8.5 %; cultivation of Saposhnlkovia divaricata (TURCZ.) Schischk ginseng alcohol 52.52%, [1 - methyl-4 - (5 - methyl-1 - Methylene -4 - hexene-based) - Cyclohexene] 8.51%, the retention time of 21.03 (undetermined) 3.49%.The volatile oil of the Cultivated and Wild root of Fangfeng in 27 of the same components, which accounted for 27 kinds of ingredients cultivation of Fangfeng the content of volatile oil 79.99%, accounting for wild Fangfengin the volatile oil content of 75.43%. From above the wild and cultivatedthe root of Fangfeng volatile oil yield significant difference, wild Fangfeng high ;cultivated and wild Fangfeng components of the volatile oil are mainly from aliphatic compounds and Terpenoids composition, composition similar, but there are differences in PCA and cultivation of Fangfeng was higher.③Fangfeng HPLC fingerprint of the results: wild Fangfeng with a variety cultivation of Fangfeng HPLC fingerprint was not significant difference between the HPLC fingerprint of this condition, while Cimicifuga- glyco sides and 5 - O-A Jiweishi Armey glycosides were determined.As the number of samples collected by the relatively was limit, and some do not meet established standards Fingerprints of Traditional Chinese Medicine, in this high-performance liquid chromatography of the precautions adopted "chromatographic fingerprint similarity evaluation software" to explore after analysis.Conclusion:The characters identification, microscopic identification, as well as physical and chemical identification of the two leaching , the chromone, polysaccharide content, HPLC fingerprint, gas-mass spectrometry analysis of volatile oils, found that Although cultivation and wild Fangfeng precautions in the characters and microstructure on the more obvious distinction, in the extract content are very different, but in chromone and polysaccharide content, HPLC fingerprint vary little; volatile oil similar areas in components, but in a certain difference. Cultivation of Fangfeng the Pharmacopoeia indicators reached Pharmacopoeia standards, and other indicators of wild Fangfeng different polysaccharide content higher, volatile oil or oil was lower, but the main ingredients of Fangfeng slightly higher than the wild, so there are certain precautions cultivation of prospects and economic value. On the origin of the Northeast and the cultivation of Fangfeng Hebei separate study found that in microscopic characters and it can be difference in the alcohol content of the extract had no significant difference, but in water-soluble extract, chromone and content of the original one polysaccharide the difference between the contents, origin that affect the quality of the Fangfeng.Rsearch on cutting and seed cultivation Fangfeng were found both in the characters and microstructure of the main differences in the shape, in the extract content in no significant difference, but chromone and polysaccharide content in different that the cultivation methods affect the quality of the Fangfeng .Pieces on the market Fangfeng eaching content of 29.5%, Cimicifuga-glycosides, 5 - O-methyl Weishiami glycosides and polysaccharide contents were 0.38%, 0.20%, 4.11%. |
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