The Historical Origins Of The Current System Of Agricultural Land And The Problem Of Rational Thinking

Agricultural land is the abbreviation of agricultural earth; agricultural land system is the abbreviation of agricultural earth system. System is a serious of rules made by people; agricultural land system is a serious of rules about rights and duties of agricultural land made by people, agricultural land system have great influence on agricultural achievements and effects.The "san--nong"problem has seriously hindered the development of our national economy, so probing into its cause and countermeasure has becoming the important subject of scientific theory in China..They have different opinions about this problem, but make a general survey of the current theory study about "san—nong" problem ,you will easily find that their focus is on agricultural land system ,which is the deep structure problem to influence the countryside reform .many scholars look back its history ,evaluate its today ,infer its future and individually advance their opinions concerning it .They try to construct the platform system by way of agricultural land reform and perfection . The "san—nong"problem is a problem of peasant, countryside and agriculture, the essence of "san—nong"problem is that the peasant is poor, the cause of the poverty is backward in agriculture, the cause of the backward agriculture is that the land system restrict the development of agriculture, the cause of the restriction is the problem existing in the agricultural system, so solving the problem may lay a foundation for the "san—nong"problem. The current problem exiting in land system is gathered in the land's proprietary right and right of use. In the way of land ownership, the main problem is the main body vagueness; in the way of right of use, the main problem is that the right can't be guaranteed. The theme of the text lies in the rational thinking about these two respects.In order to solve the problem of agricultural land system, some scholars consider that agricultural land should belong to nation, we can call it trends of thought in land nationalization; but it faces a realistic problem how to make the land belong to nation and who perform the land authority in the name of nation, not only this but also it will face the problem of unroll state of land protection, it is not easy to operate. Some scholars attempt to resume the land privatization, certainly we call it trends of thought in land privatization; but it is not accordance with our nation system, it is not possible to operate easily. Others think that a new system should be derived from the current land system; we may call it trends of thought in derivation system. Among them the trends of thought in land nationalization and privatization are reasonable in some fields, but they are not in accordance with the characteristics of advance gradually in Chinese system reform, but the trends of thought in derivation system whose essence is accordance with the current land system. Comparing with the two above opinions, it has more important value. They have made great progress in the study of the derivation system but they still have some defects and flaws, for instance the defect of the definition of main body about ownership and the establishment of deadline in right use for peasant, and it also doesn't pay close attention to the problem of planned economy about optimum distribution of resource. If we make deep development on the current achievement, it will help us improve the current land system and also help us solve the "san—nong"problem.The text look back the history of the current agricultural land system, inquire into the flaws about legislative and system respect, analyze and evaluate the trends of thought about solving the land system, and finally advance some advices about this problem. The author advise that a land system that fit for the law of development of economy should be established, at the same time we should strengthen the standardization and protection about land system, in the respect of ownership, a clear and definite land ownership system should be founded, especially the establishment of single, clear and definite agricultural land system; in the respect of right of use, a clear and definite system about right of use in land should be established, especially in the system and legislative and system protection.In a word, studying the current land system and making a rational thinking for solving current agricultural land system are profitable to the "san—nong"problem and in structure of socialist new countryside and harmonious society.