The Eu's Rural Development Policy And Enlightenment To China

The EU's rural development policy is an important component of Common Agricultural Policy which officially became "the second pillar "of CAP in the <Agenda 2000>, promoting development of agriculture and rural areas together with "the first pillar "—market support policies. Compared with other developed nations, the European Union has accumulated rich experience in formulation and implementation of policy on advancing rural construction; Meanwhile, The EU and China are similar in such aspects as farming tradition, diversity of geographical environment, an imbalance of economic development,etc, So, it's necessary to make the intensive research which play an important role in Construction of our New Socialism Rural Area.Under a series of problems and the internal &external pressures, "the second pillar" rural development policy emerged as required, along with the reform and development of CAP. Rural development policy comes from many factors, including the budget pressure on agricultural subsidies, the overproduction and environmental issues under price support policy, as well as a series of economic and social problems following EU's east enlargement. From arise of the concept of rural development policy in 1988, establishment of the position of "the second pillar" in< Agenda 2000> to the new era of rural development in 21 century, the EU's rural development policy can be divided into three stages:In the 1980s, its important feature is the top-bottom central decision-making model, the single type and standardized intervention by individual departments; In the 1990s, due to changes to agriculture and rural economy and also drove by EU economy and society integration policy, rural development policy experienced profound changes: established rural development policy aiming to guide agricultural structure, protect environment and develop rural community, put forward complete rural development scheme—Leader series plan and taking them into implementation; In the 21st century, the rural development policy attaches great importance to agricultural versatility, adopts bottom-up decision-making model and flexible public support measures to integrate the rural economic sectors. During the evolution of rural policy, the Leader series plans and Structure Fund safeguard measures are the important mechanism to ensure smooth implementation of rural develop policy.China and EU are similar and different in rural development. The main similarity is facing the proximate problems, mainly including small-size and inefficient agricultural produce model:middle-low-yielding fields, agricultural population with low education level and aging phenomenon, rural environmental problems, imbalanced regional development and the income gap between urban and rural areas. The above similarities determine that China and EU's policy share similar course, from meeting grain demand, increasing farmers' income, to paying attention to sustainable development of rural areas. The difference between them mainly live in political system, economic development stage, land system and agricultural population size which decide that we differ from the EU in our rural development policy's formulation and operation mechanism, orientation of our policy and concrete measures.Throughout the history of the EU's rural development, we can find out that the goal's evolvement, formulation and implementation of rural development policy all arised under specific historical and cultural background, based on the unique political system, economic strength and development. Therefore, when using EU's practical experience, we should put forward policies consistent with our current situation, combined with actual situation of our rural development. The article make relative analysis mainly in four aspects of rural area:political environment, economic environment, resources and ecology environment, social cultural environment, and believes that the rural development potential depends on the specific resources, including natural resources, cultural resources and human resource which determine whether rural region can realize sustainable development; Meanwhile, it also believes that the dominant force of rural development is the government's financial input and policy support:maintaining and cultivating the intrinsic potential of rural development through protection of human resource, natural resources and cultural resources; edging the competitiveness of agriculture with input to rural infrastructure construction, agricultural science and technology; strengthening development impetus of rural revitalization with the countryside policy adjustment and guidance of production structure and development path; realizing stable and healthy development of rural area through improvement of rural social security system.