Bupleurum Quality Breeding Strains And Cultivated Germplasm And Genetic Uniformity Evaluation

Radix Bupleuri (in Chinese, Chaihu) was the dried roots of plants belonging to the genus of Bupleurum L. in Umbelliferae.Bupleurum chinense DC.and B. scorzonerifolium Willd. are officially recommended as the source of medicinal Chaihu by "Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China "(2010 edition). Plants of Bupleurum L. are typical cross-pollinated. There are always several species distributed at one habitat. It leads that the cultivated germplasms domesticated from wild materials are hybrid and the quality of the medicinal materials of them are unsteady.Using the method of systematic breeding, we selected a series of excellent breeding strains from "B. chinense. cv. Zhongchai No.1" population based on morphological characters, agronomic.characters and quality characters. In this study, The HPLC fingerprint technology was employed to evaluate chemical quality of different breeding strains. The constituents of volatile oil from B. scorzonerifolium and B. chinense. cv. Zhongchai No.1 were compared by GC-MS. The cultivated germplasms from main production areas in China were investigated by cytological, SSR and ITS analysis.1. It was suggested in the comparative test and regional test that both CS 122-3(B. chinense. cv. Zhongchai No.2) and CS128-1(B. chinense. cv. Zhongchai No.3)had better uniformity with high contents of saikosaponin (a+d). The dark brown roots ratios of the two strains were 83.2% and 89.9%, respectively. The breeding goal was achieved.2. The HPLC fingerprint of different breeding strains of B. chinense. were analysed. The similarity between CS122-5, CS128-1, CS122-3 and "B. chinense. cv. Zhongchai No.1" was above 90%. The similarity among the above three breeding strains was above 95%. The similarity between CS 121-1 and each of "B. chinense. cv. Zhongchai No.1" and the above breeding strains was 69.0%,63.7%,63.0%,66.6%, respectvely. The similarity between the breeding strains and "B. chinense.cv.Zhongchai No.1" was higher than that between they and B. yinchowense Shan et Y. Li. The HPLC fingerprints of red roots materials and white roots materials separated from B. scorzonerifolium were quite different.3. The constituents in the volatile oil of B. scorzonerifolium and "B. chinense.. cv.Zhongchai No.1" were compared. It was suggested that the main components in the two species were quite different. The contents of esters(36.015%), monoterpenes (25.039%), hydrocarbons (23.350%), aldehydes (9.701%) were of high level in annual B. scorzonerifolium. The annual "B. chinense. cv.Zhongchai No.1" oil was rich of sesquiterpenes (48.411%) and alkanes (14.704%). The contents of aldehydes (9.829%) in "B. chinense. cv.Zhongchai No.1" was almost the same as that in annual B. scorzonerifolium. There were little monoterpenes and no esters in "B. chinense. cv. Zhongchai No.1". The main constituents in annual B. scorzonerifolium were similar to the biennial one. Nevertheless, the contents of monoterpenes in annual B. scorzonerifolium. was as two times as the biennial one, while the contents of aldehydes and esters were less than the biennial one.4. The uniformity and diversity of cultivated germplasms were evaluated. The numbers of somatic chrosomes in "B. chinense.cv.Zhongchai No.1", B. falcatum L.and B. yinchowense Shan et Y. Li were 2n=12,26,12, respectively. The somatic chrosomes in red roots and white roots of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium was 26 and 12, respectively. Through analysis of cytology, SSR and ITS, it was found that genetic distance was quite far between the two types of B. scorzonerifolium.