Warm Environment, The Impact Of Captive Adult Giant Panda Thermal Regulation Behavior, Physiological And Biochemical

Generally speaking ,we have achieved a lot in the giant panda breeding, however themain achievement of the ex-situ conservation is still at the stage of ex-situ breedingand artificial breed, but the study of the suitable microclimate of the captive giantpandas is still at the explore phase. The main content was about how the microclimateaffects the thermoregulation behavior and physiology bio-chemical indexes of captivegiant pandas in this paper. The detail content included four parts. The first was aboutthe blood bio-chemic index of the total protein in the blood serum , Ca²⁺, Na⁺, Cl^-,hemoglobin,albumin-globulin ratio,alkaline phosphatase,glucose,and creatinephosphokinase. The second was about the content of fecal cortisol of the giant pandas.The third was on the respiration frequency when the giant pandas were sleeping. The forthwas about that the thermoregulation behavior of giant pandas change according to thechanging temperature in the whole year. Finally explored out the suitable environmentaltemperature for the captive giant pandas, so as to provide a scientific basis forenhancing the artificial breeding rate of the captive giant panda and successfullyfinding the appropriate environment for the creation in the future.The conclusions were drawn as follows:1 Sampling in the air-conditioner giant pandas' encloures, according to the bloodsample gotten from the pandas' encloures with air-conditioners as well as the measurementof bio-chemical indexes for that. The conclusion was that the concentration of the totalprotein ,Ca²⁺, Na⁺, and hemoglobin which was decreasing at the temperature of 23.25℃,what's more, the level of that was the lowest in the all year as same as the formerstudy. In contrast to former study, on the average temperature of 23.25℃in summer ,thealbumin-globulin ratio, alkaline phosphatase, glucose, and creatine phosphokinasetended to decline, but the concentration of K⁺. The main cause for this was theenvironmental temperature of blood sampling didn't enter into the range of heat stressin this experiment. Otherwise, the content of Cl^- went up in summer, but which didn'tchange much during one year. In addition, the content of Na in the blood serum bad declineddistinctively in summer(P＜0.01) ,which could be used as heat stress index for giant panda.2 At the temperature of 16～20℃, the fecal cortisol of giant panda which was in thescope of 0.1～0.2ug/g was steady and comparatively low compared to the area of 5～15℃,20～30℃, and at this temperature the content was rarely affected by environmentalfactors. Because the captive giant pandas in this experiment were easily affected bysome factors (anaesthesia, breeding, tourists and noise outside the base and so on),as result, it was not clear whether the content of cortisol could be used as an indexof heat stress.3,The frequency of giant panda respiration increased significantly along with theraising temperature between (5＜T＜10℃),but the range(16＜T＜25℃). With the SPSSstatistical software, It was established the linear regression model about relationshipof frequency of breath and thermometric change. It was formulated as: b=2.4t-12.116(b:breath rate, t: temperature).So we could get breathing frequency of giant panda (26～28per/min.). However,some of giant panda showed great difference of breathingfrequency(26～30℃),that was because some giant pandas were in special state, asmaternal care, delivery and so on.4,Through the observing of thermoregulation behavior, such as feeding,drinkingwater,activity,squat sit,curl decubitus,side decubitus,grovel decutitus,pronatedecutitus,out of breath,dung,micturition, and so on, with the SPSS statisticalsoftware ,the Principal components analysis was used to reveal the relationship betweenbehavior and surrounding temperature. The result of analysis showed that the suitabletemperature lied in 8.5396～23.2272℃,,overheat temperature was at 23.2272～29.46717℃,and extremely temperature was over 29.46717℃.Therefore, the research proved that the most comfortable environment temperaturewas at the range of 16～20℃for giant panda.