| Agaricus bisporus is not only delicious in taste, be rich in nutrition, moreover has the medical health care function. It has become the edible fungus which has the most wide cultivation, the highest output, the biggest consumption in the present world, and also is the most large amount exportation edible fungus and can bring in the most foreign exchange income in our country at present. Now in the world the advanced cultivation technology of Agaricus bisporus is unifies the modernized facility and the modern biological technology, in this way the per unit area yield of Agaricus bisporus is high, and it can be cultivated many times in an anniversary. But because of artificially cultivation of Agaricus bisporus start late in our country, the cultivation technology is backward, compares with the developed country it exist bigger disparity. In order to promote Agaricus bisporus cultivation industry in our country to become the facility and the modernized new industry, it has the vital significance to screen fine strains of Agaricus bisporus which are suitable to the domestic facility cultivation condition. This article mainly studied the tissue isolated, cultivation and selection in the foundation of facility cultivation strains introduced from overseas. The aim is to screen Agaricus bisporus strains which have fine characters and can apply to the facility cultivation. Then appraised the strains by the ITS sequence as the molecular mark, hope to provide the good molecular mark for further inheriting and breeding. The result indicated that:(1)Isolation and screening of strains from introduced varieties, by isolating tissues from Ta and Tb, which were introduced from the Canadian facility cultivation strains, we obtains 77 strains altogether, and separately numbers, compare each separated strains with the mycelial growth indexes, and confirmed by cultivation, then we obtains the best growth indexes strains Ta02 and Tb07 from each variety.(2) Comparison of biological characteristics of different strains. By comparison of biological characteristics of the introduction strains, the screened strains separated from tissue and As2796 strain, we found that mycelial growth indexes of isolated strain Tb07 and Ta02 surpass theirs starting strains Tb, Ta, and that of Tb07 is better than Ta02; Comparing the production characters of introduced varieties with that of main domestic varieties, we could see that Tb,Tb07 strains showed theirs good growth characters, especially Tb07 displays the highest production character, the best average output, and the highest biological efficiency which achieves 41.9%; In the pulp character aspect, strain Tb07 is better than that of As2796 displayed good taste and so on, also the color is more white than its starting strain Tb. Synthesizes several aspects of various strains such as the situation of mycelial growth, the period and the biological characters of fruitbody, the output and the biology efficiency and so on, Tb07 strain shows a good production characters, and also conforms to factors of facility cultivation which is request mycelium synchronism and so on. So this article suggests that we can take Tb07 as the facility cultivation strain to carry on the examination of experimental production and then to apply to the large-scale production.(3)Analysis of ITS sequences. This article compared rDNA ITS sequences of Tb07 and As2786 stains, and through the nuclear sequence analysis we found there are 7 bp variable sites during each ITS1 and ITS2. But their nuclear sequences of 5.8 rDNA of are very conservation and have no variable site. These results indicated that ITS sequences exists a certain degree variations in different strains, and it also confirmed that ITS sequence can be a kind of effective molecular marks to distinguish chaotic varieties in production. |
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