Chinese Urban Planning Transit Concept

In ancient time of China, the site of most cities was chosen according to synthetic factors such as the politics, military defense, economy, the resources of water, transportation etc. The core thought of planning was the man showing no difference with the nature. The main principle of planning and design was the thought of institution city, represented by Zhou Courtesy Record of Craft; the thought of freedom city, represented by Guanzi; the thought of star chart model and the thought coming from the man showing no diffierence with the nature, such as fengshui, yinyang, wuxing. In addition, Chinese traditional city planning and design was also more influenced by mountain-water culture of the humanity feature. These thoughts had seeped in the practice of city planning and design. Start from the Opium War, it was a main line for Chinese city development that foreign capitalism invaded in modern age. Compared with the man dividing from the nature of the western industrializing capitalism, the principle of Chinese city planning and design in modern age was unperfect the man dividing from the nature, or abnormal the man dividing from the nature. After New China established, gone through Soviets model in initial stage, the Man Mastering the Nature in the period of Cultural Revolution and science planning in 1980's, city planning design principle had become from parafrom of the man dividing from the nature to the man showing no difference with the nature. It will be further become dialectical man harmonizing with the nature in 21 centuries. At the point of the traditional viewpoints about the nature and the man in China, Chinese city planning has been researched about the ancient, modern age and modern China in this thesis by the methods of document researching, inducing, classification comparison, model case analysising and on-site inspection etc. In order to show the evolving of the nature and the man in Chinese traditional viewpoints and city planning with the development of science and technology, the source of the viewpoints was looked for. This thesis will offer useful enlightenments for researching city planning theories with Chinese special features, protecting the city history culture and guiding the city planning developments work.