| Ginger has an important role and status in the field of traditional Chinese medicine and food stuffs, and it is with lots of biological activities. At present, the research on ginger is much extensive. After processing the ginger deeply, there will be much residue which has not been well used. It is a waste of resources. Moreover, the low utilizations of ginger residue caused pollution to environment terribly. There is numerous of cellulose in ginger, so this paper researched the gingers which grow in the southwest region to improve the utilization of ginger comprehensively. It studied the extraction technology of IDF and modification technology. The following are the main research and results of this paper.Firstly, the main basic data of ginger from the southwest origin were determined to select high-quality materials. We chose the ginger from Chang-shun as the research object according to the subject. Furthermore, these data also provide direction to research gingers from the southwest region.Secondly, we took the ginger residue which had been extracted oleoresin as the raw material, discussing the technology of alkali extraction and ultrasound assisted extraction of IDF. In the alkali extraction process, the concentration of alkali, the time, the temperature and ratio between material and solution were considered. The optimum technology of alkali extraction: the concentration of alkali is 0.2 g/100 mL, extracting in 60 ℃ water both 90 min, the ratio between material and solution is 1:35. Under these conditions, the yield of IDF up to 64.1%, the water holding capacity of 9.68 g/g, the swelling capacity of 6.61mL/g, the fat capacity of 4.51 g/g. Additionally, in the ultrasound assisted extraction process, the concentration of alkali, the time, the power and ratio between material and solution were the considerations. The optimum technology of ultrasound assisted extraction: the ratio between material and solution is 1:20, the power is 120 W, the reaction time is 5 min, and the concentration of alkali is 0.1 g/100 mL. Under these conditions, the yield of IDF up to 72.2%, the water holding capacity of 12.06 g/g, the swelling capacity of7.52 mL/g, the fat capacity of 5.03 g/g.The content of SDF in the DF which was extracted from ginger is not high, and the biological functions failed to bring into full play. So the modification of DF is in an urgent need. We researched the ginger IDF extracted in laboratory, discussing the effect of alkaline modification and enzymatic modification. The technology of alkaline modification: the ratio between material and solution is 1:40, the temperature is 60 ℃, the reaction time is 60 min, the concentration of alkali is 6 g/100 mL. Under these conditions, the yield of SDF up to 42.1%, the water holding capacity of 19.13 g/g, the swelling capacity of 9.97mL/g, the fat capacity of 7.94 g/g, respectively increased 97.6%, 21% and 76.1% compared the modified IDF with the raw materials. The technology of enzymatic modification: the amount of the cellulose is 4%, hydrolyzing in the 45 ℃ water bath 90 min. Under these conditions, the yield of SDF up to 10%, the water holding capacity of 10.83 g/g, the swelling capacity of 7.68 mL/g, the fat capacity of 7.07 g/g, respectively increased 12%, 16.2% and 56.8% compared the modified IDF with the raw materials. The properties of modified dietary fiber increase with varying degrees, so its biological functions get better.Finally, the extracted IDF and the modified IDF were detected using the SEM and XRD, and the results showed that the structure of modified IDF got changed. The results explained why the performance of the modified products got improved, and it also provided basis for studying the mechanism of ginger dietary fiber. |
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