Kanas Nature Reserve Of Plant Species Diversity And Dynamic Characteristics

Plant community type,structure, species diversity, community dynamics and the relationship between soil factors and species diversity have been studied in Kanas Nature Reserve for the first time.1. In the community survey we totally found 171 species of higher plants and two kinds of ferns. In all investigated communities, single species families holded a larger majority. The Old World Temperate Zone and Arctic species distribution dominated in the type of plant distributions. The life form of hemicryptophyte is reign supreme in all vascular plant.2. Accordance with the classification principle of the China Vegetation, in the Kanas National Nature Reserve, the vegetation is divided into six vegetation type groups,12 vegetation types,37 formation groups or formations. The vegetation in Kanas Nature Reserve were sampled and investigated. A quantitative classification of the plant communities was performed with TW1NSPAN(Two Way Indicator Species Analysis)method. The results showed that 57 quadrates were divided into 11 groups, the vegetation in Kanas Nature Reserve were divided into 4 vegetation types and 18 formations. The characteristics of communities were also described in detail.3. The results of the species diversity index analysis of the 18 kinds of plant community types in Kanas showed that 1) the diversity index in different vertical layer for forest communities are significant difference, Shannon-Wiener index, Margalef species richness index and Pielou evenness index Jh are the largest in herb layer, Simpson index is the smallest in herb layer; 2) The coefficient variation of the species diversity index in the arbor layer and shrub layer are larger than the herb layer among forest communities; 3) The species diversity index among different communities were not significant different.4. The different disturbance of tourism on the species composition, species diversity and soil in the Picea obovata communities, meadow and Potentilla fruticosa communities in Kanas Nature Reserve were studied. The results showed that the species composition of the shrub layer and herb layer were affected significantly by tourist disturbance in the P. obovata communities, and the species diversity was decreased and then increased slightly with increasing of the tourist disturbance. In meadow community, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H) was trended down with the increasing of disturbance. As for P. fruticosa community, Simpson index (D) and Pielou index (Jd), and the soil fertility were decreased noteblely by disdurbance of tourism. The changes of physicochemical characteristics of soil influenced the species diversity of communities.5. The floodplain wetlands which located on north end of Kanas lake were surveyed and DCA (detrended correspondence analysis) ordination technique was employed to clarify the dynamics and direction of community succession, meanwhile, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margalef's richness index, Simpson's diversity index and Pielou's evenness index were introduced to analyze the dynamics of species diversity in community succession. The relationship between soil factors and species diversity were also analyzed by using DCCA (detrended canonical correspondence analysis). The results showed that 1) the successional sequence of plant communities in this region was community Carex melanostachyaâ†'community Poa sibiricaâ†'community Potentilla fruticosaâ†'community Betula humilisâ†'community Picea obovata; 2) Along wtih the succession progressed, the species dominance increased significantly, while species diversity increased first and then showed a falling trend, with a peak at phase of community Potentilla fruticosa; 3) there is significant negative correlation between water content of soil and species dominance.