Egypt's Red Sea Region Halophyte Salt Structure

In order to elucidate the mechanism of salt-resistant structure, stems and leaves of 10 species of halophytes in the coast zone of Red Sea were studied by paraffin slice and light microscopy.It was found that in order to adjust to salinized environment, halophytes formed various characteristics of salt-resistant structure. According to functions of salt-resistant structure, It can be said to have the following 4 characteristics.1 Water threatening-resistant characteristic: For instance, the outside tangency wall of epidermis cell prominently thicken; the outside of epidermis cell are obviously covered by cuticle; few stomats exists; stomats are sunken; and It has stmatic chamber structure, big aqueous tissues-parenchyma cell, mucilage cell, abnormal vascular, and soon.2 The salt-resistant characteristic which is adapt to depressed level of photosynthesis, such as the formation of double palisade tissue, and soon.3 The salt-resistant characteristic which is adapt to poisonousness of salt hydronium , such as salt-gland, crystal cell, and soon.4 The salt-resistant characteristic of resisting soil environment which lacks oxygen. Such as the formation of airchamber structure because of much cell clearance in tissue.Comparing with salt-resistant characteristic of lOspieces' halophtes experimental materials, it is found that each halophyte always bas many salt-resistant characteristics in dissimilar degrees at the same time: some salt-resistant structures commonly exist in halophyte, and some characteristics only exist in one or two halophytes, but in the same family and genus plants, it also exists obvious commonness characteristics.His found that a large number of crystal cell is one of the typical salt-resistant characteristics in high-saltnity halophytes, and the distribution of salt hydronium inside plants appears obvious regional characteristic of many arrangements: salt-hydronium -- vacuole -- despersed singal crystal cell or vacuole bags which contain salts -- vacuole bags or crystal cell in groups or distributed as groups -- little consecutive crystal cell ring of organ periphery -- consecutive crystal cell ring of organ periphery.The research results indicate that salt-resistance of halophytes is related to syntherical effect of many salt-resistant structure. The characteristic of salt-resistant structure is not decided by environmentalfactors which except salts. It indicated that salinized environment is the major factor which affect the salt-resistant formation of halophytes.