Changbai Mountain Area Of ​​grasshopper Community Structure And Ecological Adaptation Characteristics

The author investigated the community of grasshoppers in Changbai Mountain area during the period of July to September 2001, complementally collected specimen and systematically collected and measured environmental factors from July to October in the following year, and consulted to specimen collected by Fengling Zhang and Yanlong-yang in 1979, 1980 and 1981. By analyzing and classifying the data of five years, the author analyzed the community construction and ecological adaptability of the grasshoppers in the area. The main aspects dealing with the grasshoppers are as follows: (1)the community construction and faunal geographical elements; (2)characteristics of their ecological distribution; (3)vertical distribution of grasshoppers in the northern slop; (4)the relationship between environmental factors and differences in shape of grasshoppers in different vertical belt of northern slop, etc.In terms of faunal geographical elements of grasshopper communities, 48 species of grasshopper were recorded, belonging to 31 genera, 7 families. Among those species, the palaearctic species with 41 species recorded are dominant, accounting for 85.42% of the total species number of the region; the endemic species with 2 species, accounting for a comparable small part; the widly-distributed accounting for a relatively larger proportion, with 5 species and 10.42% of the total. The characteristics of the faunal construction not only reflect the adaptability of grasshopper himself to the circumstance around him but also are the appraisals and proofs of transportation about historical natural circumstances.This paper mainly aims at a-structure. The paper studies composition of grasshopper community in different habitats, found that differences in family, genus and species and analyzed the causes of those.The author analyzed the following aspects by SPSS software and the measure of Euclidean Distance: (1) analyzed the relationship between grasshopper species and geographical distribution and divided 9 forestrybelt into 3 main habitat model: low mountain conifer and broadleaf integrated forestry belt; low mountain Chanbai conifer forestry belt and middle-high conifer-Betula ermam/-tundra belt; adopted Sum of Deviation of Square to clustered ecological species groups, and thus divided 48 grasshopper species into 3 main category ,12 ecological species groups.In the part of vertical distribution, the author make an initial explore of its vertical distribution regulations in the 4 following aspects: the comparison of grasshopper community in different vertical belt; the definition and comparison of dominant species in every vertical belt; analysis of similarity and the definition of multiple belt and single belt species, in the author's opinion, vertical distribution of grasshopper in Changbai mountain region do not have integrated regularity, its richness is related to the complexity of vegetation composition, and affected by other environmental factors. The author found there are no significant differences in morphology construction of the same kind of male grasshopper on different vertical belt, but the 4 measured morphology indexes have more notable difference in the same kind female grasshopper through multiple analysis of variance. The author made further analysis of the figures of morphology construction under the influence of different environmental factors by Multiple Regression, and selected the factors, which have principle functions.In summary, the studies of above aspects were attempted to offer some scientific foundations for protection of insect diversity, effective guard-against harmful grasshopper, reinforce the protection of ecological environment of Changbai mountain region and promote forestry sustainable development.