A Study On The Character Of Vegetation Structure And The Biodiversity For The Wetland On The Different Slope In The Changbai Mountain

The paper studies the wetland plants at different altitudes on the North Slope, South Slope and West Slope of Changbai Shan Natural Reserve by using quadrat survey method and univariate regression analysis. The research tries to analyze the composition structural features of wetland plant species and the change rule of a variety andβvariety, which lays the groundwork for the further research on the ecological process, structure, function of the whole wetland ecological system on the Changbai Mountain and provides references for the study on protection and restoration of the fragile ecotope of the mountain wetlands and their sustainable development. The study reveals that:According to the investigation, there were 142 species wetland plants on the North Slope of the Changbai Mountain, belonging to 83 genera and 37 families, the South Slope wetland plants account for 33 families,71 genera and 103 species, and the West Slope wetland plants have 37 families,83 genera and 132 species. Based on the important values obtained from the calculations of the wetland quadrats, the structure of wetland community of the respective slopes are identified and recorded. So are the types of the wetland quadrats. Then the community characteristics of the wetlands on the slopes at different vegetation zones are taken into analysis.At the level of families of the wetland plants on these three slopes, the South Slope resembles the West slope most, followed by the South Slope and North Slope, the North Slope and the West Slope. At the level of genera, the South Slope and the West Slope have the highest similarity, the West Slope and North Slope the second, and the South Slope and North Slope the third.The species variety of wetland plants on the North and South Slopes of the Changbai Mountain does not show obvious variation with the changes of altitudes while that of the West Slope presents a negative correlation with altitudes. The plant species increase in the ecotone and the types of wetlands also affect the wetland plants species. The stage of wetland plants community development also show highly influences on the quantity of wetland plant species.The Shannon-Wiener index, Pielou Species evenness index, Simpson index that show theαdiversity in the different altitudes on the three slopes of Changbai Mountain varies little according to the change of altitudes except that the diversity indices of the West Slope indicate a negative correlation.The Cody index that indicatesβdiversity of wetland plants of the North Slope of Changbai Mountain display little variation with the altitude change. But in each vegetation zone, the vegetation replacement rate changes significantly. The Cody variety index of the South and West Slope of Changbai Mountain shows negative correlation with altitude change, suggesting that as for general trend of wetland plants on the South and West Slop, the species replacement rate rises with the descending of altitudes. The Cody indices of each slope reached peak values at the boundaries between the ecotone and wetland-type change area. But this change also shows different degrees. The Cody index of the North Slope reaches its maximum in the ecotone while the South and West Slope shows its minimum value. The Cody index is abnormal in the ecotone between the South Slope and the West Slope.