Temporal And Spatial Variation Of The Process In Wetland Farmland Wetland Landscape

Wetland has close relation to the survival, reproduction and development of human. It provides a variety of resources for the production and living of mankind. It has significant environmental functions and value. But in order to meet the need of the growing population and the rapid development of economy, human exploits wetland in unreasonable ways. As a result, marsh, forest and other natural landscapes were destroyed seriously, which cause the wetland of some regions degradation in varying degrees. At the same time, the potentiality of wetland resources and the functions of wetland have been impaired. Hence, the researches on wetland landscape structure and its dynamic characteristics in Long-term farmland change process are helpful for the protection of wetland resources and biodiversity, ecosystem management and its sustainable utilization.This study was on the basis of the landscape ecology's principles and by means of the spatial information technique and the mathematical statistics theory. In this study,authors analyzed the different features between natural landscape and farmland from two perspectives of the structure and structure's dynamical characteristics.The main conclusions of this research include the following respects:During 30 years, the number of marsh patches in two regions continues to grow and the area of marsh patches continues to reduce. The distances of patches increases and the influence of other landscape patches about marsh patches also increases. But marsh patches'transition rate in Ya Luhe farm is more quick than Honghe National Nature Reserve. In 1975 and 1989, degree of the complexity of the marsh patches'shape is similar, then tends to become simple. The shape of marsh pathes in Ya Luhe farm is simplest in1975 and the most complex in 1989。During 30 years, the total area of forest in Honghe National Nature Reserve decreases then increases to approximate the area in 1975. The total area of forest in Ya Luhe farm continues to reduce. The number of forest patches in two regions continues to grow and the area of forest patches continues to reduce. The distances of patches increases and the isolation of patches also increase. The shape of marsh pathes in Honghe National Nature Reserve is the most complex in1989 and simplest in 2006.And the shape of marsh pathes in Ya Luhe farm is the most complex in1975 and simplest in 2006。During 30 years, the number of meadow patches in two regions in Honghe National Nature Reserve decrease then increase. The area of meadow patches continues to reduce and presents expansion trend. The distances of patches decreases and the isolation of patches also decreases. The total area of Ya Luhe farm reduces fast then maintains stability. The number of patches increases fast then decreases. The distances of patches presents same trend with patches number, but the area of patches presents reverse trend. The shape of meadow pathes in Honghe National Nature Reserve is is the most complex in 1975 and simplest in 1989.In 2004, the landscape of Ya Luhe farm had completely become farmland landscape. The space of all kinds of natural ecosystem was compressed. The ecological structure in Ya Luhe farm was incomplete and the ecological function in this region was also restricted. The natural landscape patches which were isolated by the farmland landscape mosaicked in the farmland in the shape of small patches. The fragmentationsituation of natural landscape in this region was serious. The disturbance of human to wetland landscape in Honghe National Nature Reserve was more serious than before, but natural landscape structure in this region still remain in relatively complete state. So the establishment of Honghe National Nature Reserve is useful for wetland protectio.