| Recently, there were so many accidents occurring in our country, most of which were related with the food safety problem. The occurring of these accidents reminded us of the urgency of the food safety problem. In 2008, the Melamine Event shocked us deeply. The babies eating the milk powder produced by San Lu suffered from nephrolith. Then, melamine which was a kind of chemistry material was found in the milk powder. According to the official data, by September 21th, 2008, there were 39,965 babies recovering after the clinical consultation,12,892 were still in hospital,1,579 left the hospital after medical treat. Many companies producing milk powder suffered from a great loss because of the recalling and compensation.Nowadays, the demand for ready-to-eat food with longer-lasting freshness may have indirectly contributed to the spread of foodborne illness.All of these are causing the uprising frequency of the food safety accidents, the deepening degree of the damage, and also the enlarging range of the effect. If there is no effective measure to prevent these problems, serious consequences will be caused. The right of the customers can't get timely protection, and the following treatment and life can't be guaranteed. The effect can also spread to the operation of the factory and the daily life of the employees.When the food producing enterprises and the government are facing the serious situation of food safety liability, let's look at the method our country use to deal with the risk:the government is the major supervisor in the field of food safety, however, the measure using was too simple, the efficiency is relatively low, the supervision is lack of systematicness and pre-planning. After the occurring of the accidents, the government has to face many problems such as products disposal, the treatment of the victims and the compensation, which put a great pressure to the government. As we can see, insurance doesn't play an active role in the risk management of food safety, which is regarded as an important tool to transfer the risk and manage the social problem. On the other hand, the high frequency of food safety problem and the great loss indicates the potential demand for the management of food safety liability insurance. The insurance industry in our country also needs urgently cultivating the new market to improve the business structure, upgrading.the operating effect, to enhance the development level of the whole industry.Let's see the problem from the academic aspect. There are plenty of excellent researches considering the food safety problem. Nevertheless, most of them are focusing on the role that the government should play in the field of risk management. In terms of the research aiming at our country, especially the compulsory insurance, the review is rare as the phoenix, not to mention the systematic and comprehensive exploration. Therefore, the academic value of carrying out the food safety insurance is evident.For all the above reasons, this paper selected the food safety insurance as the object of study, using economic and risk management theory as the basic tool, and appalling empirical analysis,normative analysis, case studies, comparative study, as the main methods. It systematically elaborated the compulsory insurance from the academic and practice aspects respectively.1.IntroductionIn this part, the writer introduced the background of the selected subject, the meaning of this research and the study method. At the same time, the writer commented the review related with the subject.2.Food safety liability insurance was an important measure to deal with the risk.In this part, firstly, According to the purpose and the context of this research, the writer defined some related conception such as food safety and food safety liability risk, and the connection between each other. Analyzed the serious effect to the food producer and the government, according to the purpose and the content of the research. Then, the writer discussed the method and the reason for which the government involved in the risk management in the food field, analyzed the cost and benefit of the government in the regulation process. Finally, the writer pointed out that it was inefficient to solve the food safety problem just relying on the government.Based on the analysis of the cost and income on regulating, there were lots of difficulties that were hard to overcome, to manage the food safety problem, what we need were not just the government regulation and the joining of the enterprises. Based on this logic, it came up with the idea that food safety liability insurance has positive effect to the government regulating.3.The reason for which the food safety liability insurance in our country was developing slowAfter introducing of the contradiction between the uprising risk in the field of food safety and the slow development of food safety liability insurance, the writer used the theories about economics and insurance to analyze the demand and supply of insurance. By all of these studies, the writer proposed that the main reason was the limited liability taken by the producer and the underestimation of the risk. Considering it in a long time, the limited capability of insurance company in experience and technology affected the available supply to the market. The purpose of this part is to lay a foundation to the following context about the development of food safety liability insurance.4. The reason for which we should develop food safety liability insurance and its feasibilityIn the beginning of this part, the writer introduced the basic theory about compulsory insurance. Then, according to the case study, it was found that risk policy can't arrive at the demanding level of the society, the potential ability of compensation can't be solved by commercial insurance; there are several reasons for the compulsory food safety liability insurance. For example, serious effect might be caused for the lack of insurance, such as public interest and social stability. Combining the specific situation in our country arid applying some theorical model, the writer analyzed the resolvement of the Adverse selection which was the main handicap facing by the commercial insurance. Meanwhile, the writer suggested that the compulsory insurance had an active PARETO IMPROVEMENT in the society.5.The probing of carrying out food safety liability insurance in our countryAccording to the above opinion, it was obvious that we can't leave the government regulation; however, we can't over-rely on the government in this stage. The commercial insurance company should act as the main part of food compulsory insurance. At the same time, the government should take its advantage in the field of system building and information supplying. The writer considered the relatively limited scope and low insurance coverage was the realistic condition for its widely use. Meanwhile, the writer gave some suggestions to the problem of responsibility quota, insurance coverage and the rating, discussed the operation method and mode, promoted the combination of compulsory and voluntary mode. The operation of compulsory insurance should be settled on the principle of self management and responsibility for its own losses. at last, the paper emphasized that food safety liability insurance is compulsory requirement to the insurance company, but it doesn't mean that the insurance company has lost the motivation to manage the risk. to balance the risk and asset value are still the important challenge the insurance company should face.6. Supporting institution for the government regulationFrom the aspects of government, supervisory institution and the insurance market, the writer elaborated the supporting institution needed by the development of compulsory food safety liability insurance. The insurance supervisory institution should loose the restriction toward the pricing, so that the insurer can manage the risk better. According to the development situation in the real world, we should improve the guarantee range and responsibility limit, which is positive to the stable spread of this kind of insurance. from the angle of insurer, the biggest problem we are facing is the control toward the moral risk. However, the government can play a good role in the drawing of standard and information uncovering, which is helpful to the moral risk management. Because the basement of the insurance development is the upgrading of law, but the law system in our country is still scarce. This paper put forward that we should urgently form a complete law system to cooperate with the insurance regulation. in the respect of system construction, the paper discussed from two angles:firstly, during the operation of food safety liability insurance, because of its compulsory character, insurer can't guarantee through the way of limiting the condition and raising the price, risk transferring system is very important to the development of food safety liability insurance. After the comparison of some popular projects, the paper considered that co-guarantee fund is suitable in the first period of insurance development. It also elaborated its operational body and the capital source. Secondly, this paper put forward that the key point of solving the contradiction between the food safety liability insurance and insurance responsibility is to define the boundary line of their function position and responsibility. In the last part of this paper, it analyzed the management and operation of the whole food safety liability insurance system. Moreover, it studied this problem from three angles, namely the responsibility of the main body, the operational process and the distribution of lost.The innovation and contribution of this dissertation is reflected in four areas:1.Research objective and perspective. There are plenty of excellent researches considering the food safety problem. Nevertheless, most of them are focusing on the role that the government should play in the field of risk management. In terms of the research aiming at our country, especially the compulsory insurance, the review is rare as the phoenix, not to mention the systematic and comprehensive exploration. Therefore, the academic value of carrying out the food safety insurance is evident.2.Pointed out that it was inefficient to solve the food safety problem just relying on the government. Based on the analysis of the cost and income on regulating, there were lots of difficulties that were hard to overcome, to manage the food safety problem, what we need were not just the government regulation and the joining of the enterprises. Based on this logic, it came up with the idea that food safety liability insurance has positive effect to the government regulating.3.It was found that risk policy can't arrive at the demanding level of the society, the potential ability of compensation can't be solved by commercial insurance; there are several reasons for the compulsory food safety liability insurance. For example, serious effect might be caused for the lack of insurance, such as public interest and social stability. Combining the specific situation in our country and applying some theorical model, the writer analyzed the resolvement of the Adverse selection which was the main handicap facing by the commercial insurance. Meanwhile, the writer suggested that the compulsory insurance had an active PARETO IMPROVEMENT in the society.4.From the aspects of government, supervisory institution and the insurance market, the writer elaborated the supporting institution needed by the development of compulsory food safety liability insurance. The insurance supervisory institution should loose the restriction toward the pricing, so that the insurer can manage the risk better. The improvement of the standard making and information uncovering in government contributed to the solvement of moral risk. Finally, the writer conceived the distribution policy in high risk field and the coordination between the compulsory insurance and commercial insurance. |
PDF Full Text Request