| China's processing trade is the product of reform and opening up, and according to China from the local to the whole, that is, the gradient from the coast to the Mainland to open strategy, formed mainly to the coastal areas, a multi-round open pattern.30 years of reform and opening, along with the technological revolution and global industrial restructuring and the transfer of the development of processing trade has gone through processing (1978-1986), feed processing (1987-1995) and the "two high and one capital" (since 1995) three phases.Before the US financial crisis erupts, the condition of the processing trade's development in our country may approximately comes the survey from its development characteristic and the existence question two aspects. Processing trade's development has following characteristic:First, generally speaking, our country processes the volume of trade to increase progressively year by year, the development is rapid, the processing trade became has drawn our country economic growth head of the troika; Next, looked from the main body structure that Our country Processing trade Enterprise take the Foreign invested company as a main body, the private business development is rapid; Once more, looking from the product mix, our country processing trade still the labor-intensive product primarily, but the high tech industrial development was rapid; Finally, looked from the domain structure that our country processing trade mainly concentrates in the southeast coast area. Since the reform and open policy, our country processing trade has achieved the huge achievement, but also has many problems:Our country processing trade is the establishment in the rich resources and in the cheap labor foundation, but along with the trade development, the labor-intensive form processing trade primarily is losing the superiority; Our country processing trade level is low, the high pollution, the high energy, the added value are low, present the pauperization to grow; Our country terms of trade worsen unceasingly, the trade friction increases unceasingly; Our country processing trade area development imbalanced question is day by day prominent.To the 1990s, weakened, question and so on the high energy and high pollution along with the labor force superiority appearances, our country labor-intensive form processing trade pattern's shortcoming will expose unceasingly, processing trade reforming promoted imminently. The government has also realized the serious problem exists in the processing trade development, then has promulgated the special operational policy measures which a series of promotion processing trade reforming promotes, has formulated the new processing trade development strategy. However, the critical moment which carried on the processing trade reforming promotion, the American loan crisis initiation financial crisis sweeps across the whole world, the Chinese economy has also been under the huge impact, particularly export trade. Therefore, Our country Government urgent needs first to solve the domestic economy to decline the question which, the unemployment increases greatly, decides the processing trade development model and the development strategy are compelled to break. Regarding this, this article and challenged two aspects on the financial crisis to our country processing trade development's influence from the opportunity to carry on the analysis.The thing has the contradiction, thus financial crisis while gives our country the processing trade development to bring the challenge, also has brought the opportunity. First, the financial crisis will promote Our country Enterprise's superior win and the inferior wash out, speeds up our country processing trade industry and the product structural adjustment; Next, because our country is the important power which the global economic recovers, will thus be advantageous in enhances the international words power, promotes our country processing trade sustained development. The financial crisis is once more advantageous in our country establishes the talented person strategic reserve. Finally, the financial crisis will be also advantageous in our country introduces the foreign capital.Although the financial crisis has brought the opportunity for our country processing trade's development, has brought the stern challenge to the development of processing trade for our country. Looking from the immediate influence, first, is following the European and American economy decline, because as well as the crisis later period the domestic labor force Structural imbalance appears the labor uncultivated land, causes the processing trade turnover to reduce suddenly; Next, according to more advantageous in the economic crisis period trade protection ratio trade freedom to the short-term economic development theory, various countries gains ground in abundance to China trade protectionism, the trade friction increases unceasingly; Once more, the exchange rate change will intensify our country processing trade the instability, particularly the Renminbi continues to face with revaluation pressure; Once more, the financial crisis causes, in the international demand reduces under the background, international and the domestic market competition will be more intense. Finally, the financial crisis from finance and the rotation of capital and so on various aspect, makes the small Processing industry's fund more tension in the aggravating. However, the indirect influences of the financial crisis to the development of processing trade in our country, is the most tremendous influence. The financial crisis had the huge impact through each way to our country economy, our country economy fell into the depression, the economic growth postponed, the unemployment increased, domestic consumption recession in demand. Our country Government urgent need stable economy growth, causes it maintains in 20098%levels, simultaneously increases the employment, by "ensuring people, ensuring the employment". This will cause the government to emphasize GDP in a short time, but will put aside our country to prepare many year processing trades the reforming promotion, will disrupt our country processing trade development model to decide the strategy, will fall into "guarantees the growth" and "will press the promotion" in the difficult position.As a result of the above questions existence, the serious influence our country processing trade's development, we should facing challenge positively and hold the opportunity, turns the crisis into the power. Our country Government is should from "ensuring the growth, upgrading promotion" the predicament walks, takes the corresponding measure, achieves the long and short term strategy to coordinate the use mutually, while reasonable maintains the economic growth promotes the processing trade industrial upgrading, continues the healthy development for the processing trade to lay the foundation. Therefore, this article proposed the corresponding solution measure:(1) Short-term strategy. In the short-term, is realizes in the short-term to resume the economic growth the goal, our country should adopt the positive monetary policy and the financial policy, relaxes to the small and medium-sized enterprise financing limit, enlarges to the small and medium-sized enterprise support; Consummates the tax reimbursement for export policy and the related throw good money after bad, not only may stimulate the export in a short time the growth, may also promote the enterprise to high-tech, high added value industry reforming, achieves the goal which in long-term processing trade reforming promotes; The stable person currency value, deals with the trade friction positively, strengthens to various countriesmkey barrier risk prompt and the appraisal, then stabilizes our country's processing trade import and export to grow, the stable price, guarantees the domestic demand, provides the most basic safeguard for our country economy's restoration; The expanded domestic demand, establishes the diversified market for the Processing industry, the promotion short-term economic recovery and the long-term readjustment of the economic structure.(2) Long-term strategy. In long-term, we should study national or the local use developed country economy reorganization and the new round international industrial shift and so on Taiwan, Singapore, the contract have high-tech in the industry, to some backwardness country shift labor concentrated industry, thus realizes our country processing trade industrial upgrading. Selective introduction foreign merchant investment, promotion product technique content; Develops the related industry vigorously regarding "the smile curve", encourages the enterprise independent innovation, extends the industrial chain; Speeds up the mid-west gradient contract, optimizes our country processing trade the domain structure; The perfect tax revenue system and the supervisory system, realize the processing trade reforming promotion finally. |
