Research On Public Goods In Rural China

With the development of China's economy,more and more people are beginning to be aware of the importance of the problem of agriculture,rural areas and farmers.I believe that public goods is the key point of the development of rural areas,and this paper is outcome of my research on public goods in rural China.Unfortunately,many people still don't know the exact meaning of agriculture, farmer and rural,so I have to introduce several basic conceptions to readers in ch1.According to many scholars' research,the situation of agriculture,rural areas and farmers is very dangerous and we have to do something,the provision of public goods is the most important thing.In my opinion,the rural areas need many kinds of public goods,first of all,we should focus on several main public goods,such as the irrigation works,agricultural science and technology,the allowance to the farmers,the protection of environment and the sustainable development of rural areas,traffic and communication, compulsory education for the children of rural areas,medical services and social security for the farmers,services for the rural migrant workers,and the reform of local government in the rural areas.I find that those public goods can not meet the farms' demand;we need to pay more attention to the provision of public goods in rural China.In order to provide public goods efficiently,the cooperation between government, market,third department and farmers' organizations is necessary.The government must do most of the work,but we have to be very careful.Most of us,including the economists and statesmen,are afraid of the market failure,but we must know that the government failure is very dangerous too.The government failure is so danger that the government can not do anything for the people.In the worst situation,the government is a public bads to the people.It's a pity that we don't have a theory about government failure,and I try to develop a model to understand government failure in the perspective of transaction costs politics,the asymmetric information between the people,the bureaucracies and the politicians and the opportunism of them are the basic reasons of government failure,and in ch5 I discussed this model particularly.Farmers' organizations are also very important,I even believe that no mater we provide public goods by government or companies or the third department,if the farmers are not well organized,we can't provide public goods efficiently.Of course, the private firms and third department are very important too.