Study On The Main Role Of Peasantry In Building A New Countryside

Building a new socialist countryside is a major strategic task confirmed by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, which is based on analysis of the current international and domestic situation in-depth and grasp the characteristics in China's economic and social development completely ,as well as identified from the development of the party and the country's overall situation . It is the development and sublimation of the work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers, as well as an important action implemented the scientific concept of development. Henan is a big agricultural province which has a population of more than 6000 ten thousand, it is very important to mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the broad masses of farmers furthest and give full play to the main role of the majority of farmers in the process of building a new socialist countryside.In this paper, the literature analysis, interviews, comparative analysis, empirical research and the normative law will all be employed to achieve the expected purpose. This research was set out from the practice in the current construction of a new socialist countryside and access to a large number of documents . Some concept was expatiated on firstly such as " the peasantry in the background of building a new socialist countryside", "subjectivity of the farmers" and "the dual economic structure". The current research in the United States, South Korea, Japan, as well as academic research in China was analyzed and summarized. The important significance of the main role of peasantry in building a new countryside was expounded from the subjective and objective point of view. And then the main factors which restricted bring the main role of peasantry into play were brought forward. One factor is the existence of the self-limitations in the peasantry, Their level of civilization is generally low and their ideological concepts is drop behind. The degree of dependence on self-organization and peasant's organizations is low too in the peasantry. There are three aspects of errors exist in the understanding in the peasantry, one is the cognition in part of the grass-roots cadres is unfair, another is the deviation exists in the public opinion, lastly the farmers do not recognize their own place. The development of the rural economics and the farmers was astricted by the system of urban-rural dual structure. Government has not yet given full play to the leading role. The grass-roots political power is not firm enough. Finally, the specific countermeasures were searched on how to bring the main role of the peasantry into play in building a new socialist countryside. The system of urban-rural dual structure should be eliminated and comprehensive reform in the countryside must be deepened. The rural grass-roots system must be reformed vigorously and the farmers' incomes should be promoted. The Party and government should develop the three aspects of training, bring up "four teams" and live up to three aspects of combinations. Our Party and government should nurture and train new farmers, make great efforts to cultivate peasant organizations and enhance the degree of systematization.Through the research and analysis, we can draw the following conclusions: in the new socialist countryside construction, the main role of peasantry must be realized; currently, however, there are still many farmers in Henan province who have not been given the chance to make a full play in realizing their main role for a set of quite complex factors; thus, we should take effective measures to gurantee the realization of it. This conclusion can provide theoretical supports and policy recommendations for the proposed construction of new rural areas of Henan Province.