Historical Review On City Modernization Of Yantai

The city is the carrier of civilization, so the city is seen as the annual ring of the human civilization development. The modernization of the city played an important role as the Chinese modern society transition processing. In 1862, Yantai begins early trade relations,and this is a landmark event in regional economic development process, even in the history of Shandong province's economic development process. Since then, Yantai started to be on the path of modernization towards to a industry and commerce city. In the process of modern urbanization development in Shandong, Yantai, as a industrial and commercial city owing to business Emerging, has shown a lot of features,and much of the regularity for that was worthy of attention. In this paper, according to time,the modern history of Yantai is to be discussed by periods,and we aim at summimg up the experiences and lessons of Yantai on the road to modernization, for providing evidences and references of exploring the Chinese contemporary modernization road. Currently, the research about Yantai has yielded fruitful results, but until now there is no comprehensive and systematic one,and we hope do some exploration through this paper.According to different times and features of the development process of modernization of Yantai, this article is divided into the following parts:PartⅠ: The history of Yantai before it had early trade relations. In order to more fully and clearly understand the modern history of Yantai, at the beginning, our research will trace the ancient history of Yantai.First of all, we start to analyse from the environment and functions of ancient Yantai. With the beginning of modern society, the coastal advantages of Yantai emerged slowly, and owing to its foreign trade, it transferred to a modern commercial town from an ancient fishing village, which is one reason why later be selected by foreign invaders as the first treaty port.PartⅡ: The beginning and booming of modernization of Yantai . Early modern times (From the 1860s to the late nineteenth century), because of the invasion of foreign imperialism and being compelled to become a treaty port, the natural economy in Yantai was gradually disintegrating, and then it took the road of semi- colonial and semi-feudal society as well as the road of early modernization. PartⅢ: Modernization of Yantai.The stagnated and delined state of modernization of Yantai at the end of Qing Dynasty (1900-1911) . At the late nineteenth century and the early twentieth century, with the foundation of Jiaoji Railway and the opening of Tsingdao port, plus other Northern coastal cities' strong competition, Yantai was declining gradually. With the narrowing of trade scope and weakening of economic function ,modernization process has slowed down , or even in stagnation.PartⅣ: The slow development of Yantai during Early Republic of China (From the establishment of the Republic of China to 1930s). Jiaoji Railway and Jinpu railway had greatly changed the goods flowing direction of Yantai, making it second-tier division coastal trade port from a major cargo distribution port in the north. Since Early Republic of China,for being affected by a number of international and domestic factors, the industrial,trade and cultural fields of Yantai had some development, but because of other certain ones fom different perspectives ,it's modernization process has not always been smooth, or we can say relatively slow.PartⅤ: The overall study expound on city modernization of Yantai. The paper reveals the mode of overall modernization development of Yantai through the following perspectives: the city modernization road , the power of city development, and the functional status of Yantai in modern times.PartⅥ: In Conclusion, we could get the following revelations:First, from the relationship of modern city development and invasion by foreign powers , the conclusions can be drawn: The city modernization should insist on combining the opening to the outside world with self-dependence, while self-dependence is the precondition of openness.Second, during the modern urbanization development, economic and cultural development are mutually reinforcing.Third, the mutual-dependence relationship between city's modernization development and transport reveals that the rise of modern transportation industry is a significant impetus in the process of the city modernization.Fourth, peaceful social environment is important guarantee for the modernization development of cities.