The Research On Science And Technology Policy Based On Development Of Human Capital

In recent years, Science and Technology Policy (STP for short )is playing an important role in our society, and the national science and technology strategy with the indigenous innovation as the core have brought fundamental changes to our economic.The innovation activities are no longer confined to the technology level ,actually people have been focused more and more on the system innovation, the cultivation of innovation main bodies and the development of human capital. For a long time, the separation of science and technology has restricted the development of humancapital------the most active and key factor during the innovation activities. The guide andinspiration of STP to the development of human capital should be brought into full play, and to alter the outmoded convention of "development of science without education "is urgent.After reading and analyzing a large amount of relevant literature, the paper tries to use the National Innovation System and combines it with the Human Capital Development theory,to probe into the component elements of macroscopic and microscopic STP and research how these elements influence the development of human capital in the science and technology fields. The stakeholders of the STP system are defined, and their functions and effects are analysed. The paper choses American STP as the major case, and proves that the internal operation mechanism, the external environment policy and the connection and coordination policy are promoting the development of human capital greatly. Whereafter, multi-direction comparisons between the STP of China and America in their functions of human capital development is made, five core elements of STP is discussed deeply about their impacts towards the development of human capital, they are management structure of science and technology, science and technology legislation, science and technology planning, science and technology input mechanism, science and technology evaluation system. The questionnaire investigation and interview investigation are adopted to summarize STP opinions of our country's scientific research personnels, and their psychology needs is explored. Then, the paper synthesizes the analysis of how STP as a very important external cause could fully mobilize the internal positive factors of people from the angle of internal and external factors of talent fostering. In the end, with the reference of top level design theory of American STP and their successful experiences of developing human capital within the process of STP design and execution, a STP model integrated with development human capital is presented.This model integrates all the important functions of STP core elements on developing human capital, defines STP stakeholders and analyses their interaction. In order to create a high efficiency environment for the STP system, a series of optimization measures are proposed so that science and education could be truly integrated together ,science innovation activities could beclosely linked with talent cultivation.