Theoretical And Positive Study Of Provincial Tourism Competence

The theory of competence as an economic theory was originated from the western countries in 1980s. It developed quickly and practiced widely in China recently. Tourism industry is a newly burgeoning industry in China and obtained great emphasis by each province. With the swift increasing in tourism investment, provincial competence was getting more and more dog-eat-dog. The issue of provincial competence of tourism industry came to my mind under the above backdrop.The study is aiming at developing and summating the present theory system of this issue as well as the practicing method. And it is also try to give suggestions on the tourism development of Shandong province by provisional study of 12 coastal provinces and Shandong.The study mainly involves the theory of industrial economics, regional economics, humanity geography and tourism principles, etc. The methods used in the study mainly include induction, comparison method, qualitative and quantitative methods and so on. Statistical methods include principal component analysis, clustering analysis and radar map method.In the part of theoretical study, firstly, the paper presents the model of provincial competence evaluation focusing on the specific study object of provinces, by deducing from former study. The construction of the model contributes to the perfection of the tourism competence theory. Secondly, it presents the system of the indicators of provincial tourism competence evaluation. The selection of the specific indicators is not simply based on tourism attractions or maximization of profit, but on the new development ideas such as sustainability and harmony. And lastly, it draws the conclusion by the analysis and test of the model and indicators of the model, that is, tourism is a layered and complex system and the factors affecting provincial competence can be divided into core factors and periphery factors. The performance of a provincial tourism industry is finally depended on the competitive advantages while not the comparative advantages. The sustainable development of provincial tourism industry is rely on more integrate competence than the relative advantage of resource itself.In the part of positive study, this paper evaluates thoroughly and systematically the competence of 12 coastal provinces and this provides fundamental thought and methods for some relative studies of some other regions. In this part, it firstly evaluates the 13 coastal provincial tourism competences with principal component analysis and then tests the distribution of their competence with cluster analysis. It argues that the competences between them is unbalanced, ranging from stronger, strong, less strong to lest strong. And the gap of the indicators of tourism market, profit and infrastructure between them are of most obvious and contribute most to the level of competence. And lastly it compares the tourism competence of Shandong province with the other 11 coastal provinces and finds that Shandong ranks backward position among them while shows prominent predominance in the aspect of tourism resource and regional economy. So it suggests that Shandong province should firstly pay more attention on integrate economic competence rather than industrial profit to improve the tourism competence, and the infrastructure and environment are also other two important works for this purpose.