| The international competitiveness emerged in 1980s.lt became the world hotspot in 1990s, widely being applied by various countries. Harvard University's Professor Michael E.Porter's competitiveness trilogy -"Competitive Strategy" (Edition1980),"Competitive Advantage" (Edition 1985) and "The Competitive Advantage of Nations" (Edition 1990), build up many theoretical analysis models in the enterprise international competitiveness, the industrial international competitiveness and the national competitiveness which has had a significant effect on the international competitiveness fundamental research. International competitiveness takes on industrial international competitiveness during the economic liberalization, the globalization, the integrated information network today. International competitiveness of a nation or a location is measured by its main industrial international competitiveness. The USA Appliance magazine carries out a list of a world top 10 home appliance manufacturers in 2001 including 3 USA companies , 2 Europe companies, 4 Japan companies, and only one Chinese company-Haier which is listed in 9. Investigation and discussion on international competitiveness of our national appliance industry come from such one kind of real challenge: What should our national industry depend on to answer the challenge of powerful international companies which have powerful international competitiveness? How to maintain our national industry and develop it continuously? How to adjust our thoughts and strategies of appliance reforming under new competitive circumstance? What pertinent actions should the government carry out on macroscopical policies? and so on. China is a big but not a powerful county in world electrical appliances manufacture field. The electrical appliances manufacturing industry is one of earliest opening industries. It is highly marketed and has had a certain international competitiveness but there are also some problems that needs urgently solving. For example, China's electrical appliances industry competitiveness advantage lies on the low end product and the processing assembly, but the high end electrical appliances industry development is laggard. Compared with the international electrical appliances enterprise, it is still weak. At present, China's electrical appliances capacities is highly abundant, but there are still newly companies joining in the competition ranks, which causes the problems serious increasingly. Chinese appliance industrial manufacturers make the price war superheating in domestic and international market relying on its cheaper labor force cost, but China's labor force cost superiority certainly is not unshakeable. At the same time, the low price competition also causes China electrical industry suffering continuous instead dumps. In August 2005, Turkey levies 50% instead dump tax to the Chinese TV set. Merely depending upon the superiority of labor-intensive processing it will be a disadvantage to the industrial development sooner or later. In order to upgrade the international competitiveness of our national electrical industry, we must seek the new way.This article reviews more than 20 years experiences which the China electrical industry develops, based on which to analyze the situation of this industry. Setting it in the globalization background, I analyze its position in the global competition status according to Michael E.Porter's theory on international competitiveness. I am seeking ways to improve the international competitiveness of China electrical industry. The highlights of this article are collecting and reorganizing the massive statistics from Chinese CIQ, using the method of formula, table and figure combination, comparatively analyzing the data both including the industrial own "longitudinal comparison" and developed "cro sswise comparison" between China and Janpan's appliances development. This article uses more than one evaluation indexes to evaluate China's international competitiveness to make the article more persuasive. |
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