Henan Rural Labor Force Transference Study In The Background Of New Rural Construction

The problem of rural labor transfer is still an important strategic problem of Chinese economic development in new century. It connects directly with the income of farmers, the development of industrialization and city-becoming of country, the harmonizing development of rural and urban economics, the construction of new socialist country and harmonizing society, and the stabilization of the whole country and society.The occurrence of moreover rural labor is a necessary stage of society development, and every country has passed this time. But the labor transfer of our country has its own characteristics different from other countries, especially in Henan province, which has a large population, less land, less industrialized, slow city-becoming. 17 cities have saturated employment. Therefore, there is a certain pressure of employment-obtaining with large amount of rural labor transfer to cities. At the same time, with the large amount of labor transfer, it is also a big challenge to the resources and equipments of communication, education, health-care, and so on, pressure and in- convenience have been felt in many cities caused by rural labor transfer.On the other hand, agricultural production has been affected to a certain degree in rural area caused by the leaving of younger labor. Agricultural technology lagged behind and the related industry cannot meet the demands of modern agriculture development, "empty center country" has appeared in many villages, labors work outside long years, and empty houses are here and there, waste of large lands, whereas, agriculture producing labors are old and women. To the end, many problems emerged, such as, "stay on old persons" cannot proceed easily, and nobody care about their living, let along to care about education of the 3^rd generation's moral and characteristics. "stay on children" leave their parents for a long time, losing affection, hungry for relational feelings, without caring about, they can enter bad-ways easily. This affects their later life very strongly.All these elements demand us to find out right ways for rural labor transfer that meet our conditions of our country. To us agricultural province, it is a day-dreaming if we simply transfer rural labor to cities, whose living pressure is still heavy. Certainly, many experts have provided many suggestions to digest moreover rural labors formerly in agricultural related industry, such as improving labor working quality, developing town economics, accelerating construction of small cities. According to the reality of Henan, we still have a lot to do to fulfill these purposes.From 2004 on, in order to solve "3 agricultures" problems, to accelerate construction of new countries, and the development of modern agricultures, 4 No 1 "3 agricultures" files were published by central government. This is an important policy that central made to change economics to a harmonizing way based on scientific development, holding on "person as centre", original development, and improving development quality. Compared with the emphases of the Passover, the meaning of "construction of new countries" has changed in 2 ways: 1. no longer emphasizing singly the development of economics, at the same time, including the construction of rural cultures, management of common service and construction of social organization. This means the common welfare will be given a large development, including cultures, education, health-care, social protection. At the same time with the development of economics, the parallel development of spirit construction is also emphasized. 2. no longer emphasizing singly accelerating city-becoming, the passed accelerating city-becoming has caused some problems, the social in-equalization and the difference between country and city has become larger. Basing on the primary fact that the 2 elements our country have: country and city, and it will last for a long time, the construction of harmonizing society should be concentrate on rural areas, to shorten the difference between them, to reach the purpose of the integration of rural and urban step by step, making the dream of living and working in rural areas become true. According to the present fact our province has, it should become an important direction to transfer and digest labor nearly. 1. We have to transfer labors steadily and orderly to cities, improve their abilities of living-making and skill. Using policy system to make those moreover labors separating from land thoroughly, and become new citizen population really. 2. Basing on the fact that we have only a few cities and almost no advanced city. We should summarize the gains and loss of the integration of Zheng and Bian, construct steadily several characteristic industrial districts, make a good condition for the parallel developing of central city-groups, in this way to reach the purpose of inhaling and digesting moreover rural labors. 3. Using many methods to speed the development of agriculture modernization, to improve income of stay on farmers. Investment should be enlarged in rural areas, enhance the using of agricultural science and technology, farming will no longer be a burden for farmers. At the same time, the regulation of policy lever should be strengthened, using general collection, acceleration of land system reform, city-becoming speed, policy reform of registered permanent residence, perfecting the social protection system, and so on. To shorten the difference between rural and urban from every way, the purpose of the same value between them is got in the end. All these should relay on the development of common service, such as enriching culture activities of farmers, improving education and health-care, improving social protection coefficient, and extending basic equipment of cities to rural areas, letting farmers living conveniently, freedom and happy as citizens.