Research On Three-stage Supply Chain Benefit Distribution Based On Game Theory

Because of the rapid development of science and technology as well as the globalization of economy, the competitor and the environment of competition faced the enterprises have undergone relatively big changes. The traditional supply chain note-enterprise as the independent economic body,who are in pursuit of the maximum profits as its basic objective cannot fit the competition of globalization yet. Nowadays, setting in the increasingly severe competition environment, only by positively conforming to the trend of economic globalization, seeking for cooperative partners with mutual trust, and establishing a steady and long-term strategic partnership with them, can the supply chain note-enterprises take the lead in the competition of products supply chain. Thus the management of supply chain becomes a hot topic in the field of academic research and enterprise practice recently.On summary of the research findings on supply chain in recent years, this papers further discusses the problems of profits distribution among the supply Chain note-enterprises. The recent research findings mainly center on the bargain, stock, price discount, contract designing and so on between two note-enterprises of a supply chain, especially the application of the methods of game theory to the coordination of supply chain note-enterprises. Based on the universally used methods of game theory, this paper explains the problems of profits distribution among the note-enterprises of supply chains, but focusing on the discussion of the trivalent supplying chain. The paper first introduces the fundamental theory of game theory, supply chain and the management of supply chain, as well as the basic elements of the profits of supply chain, which set a solid theoretical basis for the core part of the paper. Second, it studies the profits distribution among the note-enterprises of a supply chain under the circumstance of symmetric information. Under the circumstance of symmetric information, the ultimate objective for competition of the supply chain-note-enterprises, i.e. the ultimate developing objective of the supply chain, should be the maximum profit of the whole supply chain. The profits distribution among the enterprises of a supply chain mostly displays as the capability of bargaining. Finally, the paper studies the problems of profits distribution among the note-enterprises under the circumstance of asymmetry information. To the information, asymmetry is actually the fact, and it is the problem that cannot be avoided. The aim of coordination of the supply chain is just to lower the asymmetry of the information, but it needs more cost, so we need to make a balance between the cost paid and the profits obtained. The paper also brings out the pattern of profits distribution briefly in the part of asymmetry information.Because the coordination among the enterprises of a supply chain is actually the problem of profits distribution, the paper studies this problem under the circumstance of symmetric information and information asymmetry. The innovation of this paper is that the author uses the method of game theory to study the problem of profits distribution among the note-enterprises of trivalent supply chain. And it displays as follows: First, completeness of the theoretical study. It studies both symmetry and asymmetry of information among the note-enterprises; Second, the unity of the methods adopted. The author uses game theory throughout the whole paper, and centers on Stackelberg game; Third, in order to reduce the asymmetry of information, the author adds coordination mechanism into it.