A Study On Raising The Farmer's Cultural Level And Professional Standards During The Drive To Build A New Socialist Countryside In China

This paper refers to the problems of farmers, such as the short term of education, less qualified scientific, technical and cultural skills as well as low level of labor skills,etc. Based on the main line of improving the farmer's scientific, technical and cultural quality in the process of new countryside construction, we have carried out a survey on 5000 farmers in 12 provinces in the east,middle and west part of China; We have summarized the situation and main successful experiences of the farmer's scientific, technical and cultural quality in foreign countries. The paper have analyzed such things as the current situation of the farmer's scientific, technical and cultural quality,the training courses, the skill ability of the farmers as well as the relation between scientific quality and the economic development and the relation between incomes and the training.The survey and analysis indicate that the farmer's scientific, technical and cultural quality is directly influenced by many factors,such as the training method, mastered skill and family income. The analysis result shows that skill training and the training method can greatly affect an individual'seconomic income. The analysis also revealed that the farmer's scientific, technical and cultural quality only has slight differences among different areas; but the agricultural skill training has obvious area characteristics that farmers receive different trainings among different areas. Farmers are observed with many different methods to acquire science and technology information in different areas. We have found some problems in reality that new type of farmer needs to solve, such as, less qualified scientific, technical and cultural skills, low level of labor skills, less active consciousness to participate, less qualified training method, the less colorful training content, less distempered training system and the mechanism, etc. Finally, with the aim to improve the farmers quality by eliminating the restrictive factors, such as, dual structure between city and countryside, the education system in rural area, the distemperedness of the legal system, the lag-behind ideology of the farmers, the severe condition of the training system etc, this paper puts forward five administrative and operating mechanisms and eight measures and countermeasures that meet the demand of the new countryside construction to improve the technical and cultural quality of farmers.Administrative and Operating Mechanisms:①managing and coordinating the resources efficiently;②establishing encouragement mechanism and making favorable policies;③establishing free training mechanism for farmers;④encouraging other members in the society to participate in the farmer training mechanism;⑤establishing the security and supervision mechanism of the fund investment.Main measures and countermeasures:①Establishing a multi-participation training and education system for farmers based on taking government as the forerunner;②Carrying out the education and training courses which are directly designed for farmers;③Starting the Prairie Fire Program to improve the scientific and technical quality of farmers;④Enhancing operation skills of farmers as well as the creation and establishment of authenticated system of basic skills;⑤Promoting the fusion of Zero-Distance between scientists and farmers in diversified ways;⑥Strengthening the establishment of libratory network in rural area and building a countryside platform on line to spread scientific knowledge;⑦Setting up the information service management system to transfer the labor force in rural area so as to realize the efficient transference of agricultural surplus labor force and the full employment as well as the optimization and distribution of the resource of rural labor force;⑧Strengthening the publication of science and culture as well as ideological education in an all-round way.