Supply Efficiency Of Rural Public Goods In China And Countermeasures

The supply of rural public goods is one of important indexes to evaluate the development level of rural economics and society. If those goods could be supplied abundantly and efficiently, peasants' burden would be reduced, their welfare would be increased, the development of rural economics and society would be more quickly, so the differences between rural and urban would be decreased. As a result, the relationship between city and country could to be more harmonious. But owing to the dual structure of urban and rural government for a long time, rural public goods were not sufficient and efficient for the unbalanced supply system between urban and rural. It caused a series of problems in countries and did harm to agriculture and rural development and peasants' living conditions. These problems are called "three problems of rural" in China which should be sovled as soon as possible. At present, according to the strategy of "no difference between urban and rural", to solve "three problems of rural" as soon we can, to develop urban and rural harmoniously and to establish a well-to-do society, on one hand, the institutions of dual structure of urban and rural government should be changed, government function should be transformed and the supply of rural public goods shoud be increased, on the other hand, public resources are limited especially for us developing country. But at present financial investments from our nation will not increase as much as before for our limited fiscal earnings. It is more important for us to have a more fitful structure of public goods distribution and to supply rural public goods more efficiently. According to the current situation of rural public goods in China, its supply efficiency is to be analyzed in this paper. The aim is to find the reason of the inefficiency of the supplyof rural public goods and put forward some counter-measures to increase the efficiency of the supply of rural public goods. The paper includs five parts:Part one is the preface. The background, significance, methods and innovation of this researching are introduced briefly.Part two, basic theories of rural public goods. The concepts, classifications, importance and so on are reviewed for the following researching. Part three, low efficiency situation of rural public goods supply in China is analyzed. For example, the quantity of that is insufficient, the supply structure is unbalanced, and some urgent-needed rural public goods such as rural infrastructure, rural education and high technology, rural information and medical insurance are quite insufficient. On the contrary, some public goods which are not fit for or only have a few demands such as "Achievement Works", regional government and its staff are supplied much more than what really needs and in low quality and low efficiency.Part four, analyze the reasons of the phenomena above. The wrong situation of subject in supplying rural public goods is caused by the absence of government function and improper duty-division of centre government and local government. Managing and fiscal power of local government is divided and decisions are made from high level to low level, which cause peasants real needs are not understood. The result is that the supply can not meet the needs and with few supply methods. Local government tries their best to have achievements and its interests and neglecte peasants long-term interests, which lead to inefficiency use of public resources. The final result is that rural public goods are supplied inefficiently.Part five, counter-measures to make rural public goods supply more efficient in China are put forward for references of successful experiences from foreign countries. To emphasize duties of government and change its function, to distribute management power and fiscal power between each level government more reasonable, to have a better decision-making system in supplying, to supply in more kinds of methods, to centralize resources in proper way and to influence outside in scale, to notice the priority in supplying, to supervise the supplying more strictly and to establish more laws and regulations related to rural public goods supply.