The Historic Evolution Of American Patent System & Its Effects On Technology Innovation

By one system the benefit of inventor or creator is defined as property, called patent right, with a history of only three or four hundred years.By patent system the benefit & legal relationship are selected and verified, and furthermore, established in terms of national authorization, which makes the intellectual resource of inventor or creator utilized effectively, consequently improving the innovation benefit of the whole society. The patent system provides the property rights & benefit relationship with a perfect annotation.American is aware of patent rights very early and establishes integrated patent protection system first in the western countries. According to the Patent And Copyright Clausu in American Constitution, American Patent Act of first version, the base of Modern American Patent System, was promulgated in 1790, providing law guarantee for the accomplishment of inventors. In 1793 the Patent Act of 1790 was modified to specify the terms & conditions further, cancel the patent committee and entitle the State Department to award the patent rights. American enthusiasm for innovation was aroused hugely by the promulgation of early Patent Act Under condition of economic development in those days the early American patent system affected the technology innovation of agriculture firstly, then affected the introduction of foreign advanced technology.In 1836 American congress revised the Patent Act of 1793 extensively by setting up special management institution, resuming the examination system and modifying the patent rights entity, substantial essentials, patent deadline and etc., consequently which laid the foundation for modern American patent system.The middle & later 19th centuries saw the new era of American patent system. Driven by the twice industrial Revolutions the American economy changed much and the relationship between patent system & technology innovation became more and more close. With the protection of patent system the creation & innovation of science & technology emerged in endlessly, promoting the great change of economical department and social appearance. At the same time the patent system changed to suit the time as the new power supply of technology innovation. Considering the connatural kinship of patent & monopoly, American government restricted the patents at many aspects, and furthermore, the exclusive extent of patent was affected by the demand of various period of American economy, which made the rule of strong & weak protection alternative.