| The study chose Shizhu which is in southeast in Chong Qing, as the object of study, and obtained the information of land use in Shizhu about 2004, 2009, and 2014 by using the romote sensing technology, GIS(geographic information system) and used GIS to structure the DEM digital elevation model of landscape pattern by using spatial overlay, overlaying interpreted data and DEM data. Select the index that can reflect the characteristics of the landscape structure terrain niche index(Pland, NP, MSI and LPI) and landscape distribution index(PD, ED, SPLIT and SHDI).The study achieved the quantitative analysis of spatial features about different landscape in research areas by overlaying terrain niche index and landscape distribution index. The study followed ecological space continuity, the principle of regional heterogeneity, the principle of ecosystem level and the principle of sustainable development and divided the ecological conservation area in the middle of Fang Dou Shan-Qi Yao Shan, agriculture-forest and ecological control area in middle and low part, agricultural ecological control area in northeast hilly area and urban ecological reconstruction area based on the information from 2006 to 2020 about eco-functional regionalization in Chong Qing, ShiZhu’s overall plan for land utilization, rural tourism plan and the extracted DEM data. The conclusions of the study are as follows.(1) The economy in study area is well-developed, the social economy in Shizhu has developed well from 2004 to 2014, its urbanization rate from 17.23% in 2004 rose to 36% in 2014, gross regional production increased by 488.83%,per capita gross regional production reached by 20.57% based on average annual growth, social security and employment-service expenditure increased by 38.26%,the urban and rural residents income average annual growth rate is about 16%.(2) The intermediate altitude occupies the largest position in entire study, the overall slope is large, the larger relief amplitude area mainly concentrates along the Yangtze River and along the mountains. According to extracted elevation information, the intermediate altitude occupies 62.90% in study area, from its distribution, the altitude is high in east and low in west, the intermediate altitude has a wide distribution, the low altitude mainly distributes in west and northwest of study area. The slope distribution is large and is not good for soil and water conservation, it is easy to erode soil,25°slope occupies 24.61% in study area, and mainly distributes in southeast in middle part. The surface roughness index increases progressively, decreases progressively and then increases progressively from northwest to southwest.(3) The difference of landscape index distribution is obvious in different terrain niches. The high distribution index of cultivated land, water area and unused land distributes in low terrain, the high distribution index of construction land distributes in low and middle terrain, the distribution index of forest land and grassland distribute in high terrain. In terrain whose advantage is more than1,cultivated land and water area mainly focus on 1-3 terrain level, forest land and grassland mainly focus on 8-11 terrain level, unused land mainly distributes 3-5 terrain level and construction land mainly distributes 2-5 terrain level.(4) The landscape of farmland, construction land, and water tends to distribut in low altitude,and the landscape of forestland, unused land tends to distribut in medium altitude, and the characteristics of all landscapes’ variation change slightly; Landscape diversity and dispersion degree of landscape decrease along with the increasing of altitude; The landscape of farmland and construction land have obvious differences of accumulating and disseminating and patches’ number show a increasing trend along with temporal variation,in terms of shape, all the shapes tends to be inerratic except unused land.(5) The cological conservation areas in the middle of Fang Dou Shan-Qi Yao Shan, whose area takes up 51.31% of the total area of study area,and all the maximum proportions that landscape types occupy in every elevation distribute on the elevation from 1000 m to 1500 m, and the landscape of forestland is the major landscape; The ecological control areas of agriculture-forest in middle of low mountain, whose area takes up 26.52% of the total area of study area, and the proportions that the landscape of farmland, construction land, and water occupy on the elevation from 500 m to 1000 m are maximum,and maximum proportion other landscapes occupy are distributing on the elevation from 1000 m to 1500m; The ecological control areas of agriculture in the northwest of hilly, whose area takes up 9.56% of the total area of study area, and all the maximum proportions that this landscape type occupy in every elevation distribute on the elevation below 500 m, and the major landscape in this elevation is farming landscape; The area of urban’s ecological reconstruction area takes up 12.61% of the total area of study area,and all the maximum proportions that landscape types occupy in every elevation distribute on the elevation from 500 m to 1000 m except grassland landscape whose maximum proportion distributes on the elevation from 1000 m to 1500 m,and the major landscape on this elevation is farming landscape.(6) To achieve four ecological functional zones different ecological function. Combining with the feature of landscape type vertical differentiation and geographical differences, four ecological functional zones have different ecological function, the ecological conservation area in the middle of Fang Dong Shan-Qi Yao Shan mainly focuses on protection and limits exploitation, based on maintaining its completion and continuity of ecosystem, it mainly develops the mountain tourism, exploits the projects with its characteristics of local customs. The agriculture-forest and ecological control area in middle and low part mainly focuses on moderate exploitation and sustainable development, it should pay attention to preventing the loss of water and soil, developing its characteristics products and raising the value of products. The agricultural ecological control area in northeast hilly area mainly focuses on protection of ecotope and development of featured agriculture, it can take advantage of its good conditions of water area to develop fishery industry, sightseeing farming, and characteristic planting. The urban ecological reconstruction area mainly focuses on economic leading and ecological reconstruction, it should handle correctly the relationship of economic development and ENVIronmental protection, develop living ENVIronment, raise living comfort level and concentrate on its ecological reconstruction. |
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