The Research On The Spatial Agglomeration And The Influencing Mechanism Of Rural Settlement In Peak-cluster Depressions Areas

To deeply study the spatial distribution of the rural settlements in peak-cluster depressions and analyze the natural and social environment factors for the spatial pattern of the peak-cluster depression of rural settlement for further discovering its internal influential factors,we applied Geographic Information Systems(GIS), which is based on the data taken from a resolution remote sensing image with 2.5m high resolution in 2010 and 2015, obtained from Salaxi, Houzhaihe, Maolan, and Zongdi study as the research object. We introduced the 11 landscape pattern index, expounded the spatial distribution of the rural settlements in peak-cluster depressions by means of the Nearest neighboring points statistics, Ripley’s K statistics and and other research method to make a quantitative research on the spatial agglomeration distribution of rural settlements and analyze the evolution of its characteristics. The result shows that:(1)Four study areas showed the characteristics of small scale, complex and irregular in the spatial distribution of rural settlements. Among them, the settlement pattern was even more larger, complex and irregular in 2015. The spatial fragment of settlements in 2015 was less than 2010,and had better continuity in the spatial patches than 2010.(2)There were significant difference in the spatial agglomeration distribution of Settlements. Rural settlements of the Nearest neighboring points statistics and global Moran’s I index showed that the distribution pattern of four study areas presented spatial agglomeration. The scope of the 1~5 grades of kernel density in settlements showed the distribution characteristic that agglomeration degree gradually decreased by the increasing of settlement grades; The local I Moran’s indices of the rural settlements in the 4 study areas all showed high-high agglomeration, which was more than high-low agglomeration and more than low-high agglomeration. Ripley’s K function shows that settlement is significant in the distribution of spatial agglomeration within the scope of the spatial scale of the 0-8km, the degree of spatial agglomeration of the Settlements gradually decreased with the increasing of the spatial scale.(3)The evolution characteristics of spatial agglomeration of rural settlements in four study areas showed that the Nearest neighboring poi nts statistics and global Moran’s I index all presented that the rural settl ements’ agglomeration pattern in 2015 was even more significant than 2010. Thekernel density estimation scope in the first grade and fifth grad e, the degree of spatial agglomeration in settlements in 2015 was more significant than 2010; within the scope of 2~4 grades of the ked densit y of settlement patch areas, the degree of settlement in 2015 was even more significant in intensity than 2010; Ripley’s K function showed that the agglomeration scope of settlements in 2015 was more than 2010; l ocal Moran’s I index showed that the Salaxi area presented high-high cl ustering, which was more than high low clustering and more than low-high-high clustering; the Houzhaihe area presented high-high clustering, w hich was obviously less than lower- high-low clustering, and the low-hi gh clustering was more than high-high clustering; the Zongdi area prese nted high-high clustering, which was obviously more than lower high cl ustering; Maolan area presented high-high clustering, which was more th an high-low clustering and more than low-high clustering.(4)The factors such as roads and farmland had a significant influence on the spatial distribution of the rural settlements, and its geomorphic features in the peak-cluster depression of different research areas was an important factor that led to the differences of the different spatial agglomeration. Among them, more than 60% of settlements were distributed in the scope of 100 m of the roads, and more than 1/3 of settlements were distributed within the scope of 100 m of the farmlands, and more than 90% of settlements were distributed within the scope of altitude low-lying of the study areas, which shows that the road,land and altitude had an marked influence on the spatial agglomeration of settlement,and the influence of factors in 2015 was even more significant in 2010.