| The Jin-fo Mountain National Nature Reserve is located in the south of the Nanchuan district in chongqing, north of Dalou mountains, at the boundary of Chongqing, Guizhou and Hunan province.It belongs to a typical castor physiognomy. The reserve planning area is 441 km2, composed of Jinfo、Jinba and Baizhi Mountains with a total of 108 peaks.The main peak is Fengchui-Lin, with a altitude of 2251 m.This study was the first comprehensive investigation on the terrestrial vertebrates in this reserves after its approvation.. and it’s aslo an important part of reserve capacity building.Based on the available reports, we carried out a two-year systematic field investigation, especially on the one by one confirmation of species. Our results will be help for the future studies on the amphibians protection of this reserve.Route method was used to the amphibian investigation. A total of 16 routes were set.Combined with the 2-year fieldwork and the available literatures, the diversity of amphibians in the Jinfo Mountain was analyzed. The results were as follows.1) A total of 21 species were collected in This survey, and they, belong to 2 orders, 8 families.After species measurements and characterization, the population density was analyzed. The results indicated that, Hyla annectans wulingensis, Bufo gargarizans gargarizans, Microhyla fissipes are dominant species in this area, while Fejervarya multistriata is the most widely distributed species.The No.(6)(Miaoba vilage-Longtang-Diaozui) was found to be the route with most amphibians(14species).2) Cody and Jaccard indexes were used to analyze the substitution rate along the altitude in this reserve. The result showed that, the substitution rate order is between to the belt(7.5) > on to the belt(5.5) > next to the belt(4.0) >on to the belt(3.0).3) Pielou index was used to calculate the evenness of amphibians.. The results showed that the amphibians in this erea are uniformly distributed,and the species evenness(1.164) is bigger than genus species evenness(1.038).4) The statistic analyse on the habitats were conducted,, and the results showed that the water type region is the one with most amphibian species.The species abundant order is water type >jungle form = grassland type > farmland type > cave type.5) Shannon-Wiener index was calculated to evaluate the diversity of the collected amphibians,and it showed that, species richness(2.770) is bigger than genus richness(2.742).6)We also did some study on the Pseudohynobius flavomaculatus, which is endemic to this researve. The results showed that this species prefers to live in a habitat of a altitude of 2040-2147 m,a more than 20 m interference distance(roads, paths), a 10%-30% surface vegetation coverage.a70%-90% surrounding vegetation coverage, with pH, water temperature, and oxygen range of8.22±0.24, 11.81±0.58 o C, 7.65±0.15 mg/L, respectively. Light microscope and electron microscope were used to observe the skin of P. flavomaculatus, and the relationship between the skin respiration,skin protection, pigment cells and the environment were explored.7) Based on our filed work, we confirmed that, there are a total of 34 species(subspecies) in this area, and they belong to 9 families, 2 orders. A total of 21 species were collected in this study,and Andrias daviddianus is found by other researcher during our investigation. 13 kinds of amphibians didn’t collected specimens.Of this 34 amphibians, aminals belong to Oriental,Widespread species were 31(91.2%) and 3(8.8%), respectively. Based on their habitat types, they can be divided into 3 categories: Terrestrial and quiet water(TQ, 17 species), Terrestrialand running water(TR, 13 species), Arboreal(A, 4 species), which were 50%, 38.2% and 11.4% of the total number in this reserve.8) The Jinfo Reserve has 1 national class II protected animal: Andrias daviddianus. 11 animals were listed in the Animal Protection in Chongqing 11 species. 26 animals are endemic to China 28 species belong to ”State three animals”.9)The G-F index indicated that F index is 4.9592, G index is 2.8599, and G-F index is 0.4237,which suggested a highdiversity in this area.Meanwile, G-F indexes of other vertebrates in this reserve and other reserves were also calculated. The order in the Jinfo Reserve is birds(0.8684) >mammals(0.7436) > amphibians(0.4237)> Reptiles(0.0497). and that among different reserves was Jin-fo National Nature Reserve G-F index(0.4237) > Dabashan National Nature Reserve(0.2306) >Wu Li-po National Nature Reserve(-0.0526) > Yin Tiao-lin National Nature Reserve(-0.2859).10) According to our study, we suggested that: a.The charger of protected areas shoulid increase publicity and combat illegal capture behavior;b.For road construction, construction should be strictly controlled, as far as possible to reduce unnecessary construction;c.Carry out breed work of Rana quadranus and Quasipaa boulengeri,in order to protect Jin-fo Mountain amphibious wild animal;d.the protection of P. jinf should be strengthened, and a special protection area should be established for its protection. |
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