| Opisthopappus taihangensis (Ling) Shih (C. taihangensis), endemic to China, has a closer relationship with Chrysanthemum and Ajania. The efficacy of C. taihangensis as tea or medicine is superior to Relatives genera traditional medicine Dendranthema indicum (L.) Des Monl. (C. indicum) reflected by people in place of origin. To provide further evidence for rational use of C. taihangensis, in this paper, according to comparison with Relatives genera C. indicum, the contents of five phenolic compounds including chlorogenic acid, rutin, quercetin, luteolin, and apigenin in different organs of C. taihangensis during its growth and development had been determined. Moreover, preliminary assessment of antioxidant activity of C. taihangensis was conducted. The main results are as follows:1. A simple, accurate and stable high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for simultaneous separation and determination of five phenolic compounds including chlorogenic acid, rutin, quercetin, luteolin, and apigenin in different organs of C. taihangensis and Relatives genera C. indicum was conducted. Results showed that performance characteristics of precision, reproducibility, stability, and recovery results of this HPLC method fulfill the analysis requirements. It was found that total content of five phenolic compounds in leaves of C. taihangensis was higher than that in flowers and stems, and also higher than that of corresponding organs of C. indicum. Among them, chlorogenic acid content was high (0.20% to 0.85%), followed by rutin and quercetin (0.11% to 1.48%), the luteolin and apigenin content was lowest, less than 0.10%, and was not detected in parts of stems and leaves. Moreover, comparative study for five phenolic compounds was conducted by soxhlet, ultrasonic, and water bath extraction. It was clear that their content from these three extractions was close, but that from water-bath extraction was slightly higher and more stable than the two others.2. Dynamic accumulation of five phenolic compounds in different organs of C. taihangensis and C. indicum were measured by developed HPLC method as described above. Results indicated that total content of five compounds in C. taihangensis was higher than that in C. indicum, in which the content of chlorogenic acid, rutin and quercetin are higher than that of apigenin and luteolin in different parts of C. taihangensis and C. indicum. Moreover, chlorogenic acid content gradually decreased during developing, and the other four compounds were not changed obviously and total content of five compounds were decreased slightly after bloom. Five phenolic compounds in summer harvest samples showed lowest point may be the harvest time near rainy season.3. Antioxidant activity evaluation of C. taihangensis and C. indicum from water bath extraction was measured by ABTS and DPPH assays. Moreover, total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method, gallic acid as the standard, total flavonoid content was analyzed by aluminum nitrate colorimetric method, rutin as the standard. It was found that C. taihangensis and C. indicum extracts both possessed high antioxidant activities, antioxidant activity of leaves was higher than that of flowers and stems, and also higher than that of corresponding organs of C. indicum, consistent with the result of total flavonoids and polyphenols content analysis. Correlation analysis showed that five compounds contribute to total phenolic content, and contribute to their antioxidant activity of C. taihangensis and C. indicum respectively. Significant correlations were found between ABTS and DPPH assays.Therefore, C. taihangensis may be much better for health-promoting and medicinal properties than Relatives genera C. indicum. Huge utilization potential is expected from the whole plant of C. taihangensis. These data provide preliminary evidence for the efficacy of C. taihangensis as tea or medicine reflected by people in place of origin. |
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