The Wild Birds Resources And Diversity Of The Mountainous Southern Nyenchentanglha Slope

The birds’ resources and diversity survey of the Mountainous Southern Slope of the Nyenchentanglha was conducted during 2 September to 30 October, 2014 and 29 April to 9 June, 2015. A total of 270 line transects were applied in 43 quadrats, which were uniformly distributed in research area(42,489 km2), the side length of each quadrat is 10 km.A total of 173 species and 9542 birds were counted, which belongs to 14 orders, 46 families. Among them, 124 species belong to Passeriformes, making up 71.68% of all birds’ species, and 49 species of other orders make the rest. The only dominant species is Henry’s Laughingthrush Garrulax henrici. And occasional species and seldom species make up 41.38% and 28.16% of all birds. The species number of resident, summer visitors, winter visitor, and passing migrant is 115, 39, 17, and 10, respectively making 66.09%, 22.41%, 9.77%, and 5.75% of all birds. Shannon-Wiener Index of the 5 different habitats arranged from high to low as: mixed coniferous broad leaved forest, coniferous forest, broad-leaved forest, wetlands, and alpine meadow. The rank of the 5 river basins in study area from high to low according to its birds’ Shannon-Wiener Index are, middle and lower Yigong River basin, middle and lower Niyang River basin, the main stream basin of middle and lower Yarlung Zangbo River in Milin County, the main stream basin of middle and lower Parlung Zangbo River, Layuequ River basin.The mountainous southern Nyenchentanglha slope geographical unit is located in the border between oriental realm and palaearctic realm. Among recorded birds’ species, birds that distribute in both the two realms make 56.25%. There are 62 oriental species making 38.75% of all birds, and only 8 Palearctic species, making 5.00% of all birds. Among the 5 river basins of the area, the Yigong river basin has most oriental species, which consist 46.08% of its birds.There are 8 endemic species of China, 3 first-level national protected birds and 13 second-level national protected birds recorded in the area. And there are 3 and 14 species of recorded birds listed in CITES appendices Ⅰand Ⅱ.It was found that birds’ abundance of different altitude is different. Some birds migrate vertical, they are, Himalayan Griffon Gyps himalayensis, Derbyan Parakeet Psittacula derbiana, White Wagtail Motacilla alba, Grey-backed Shrike Lanius tephronotus, Large-billed Crow Corvus macrorhynchos tibetosinensis,Giant Laughingthrush Garrulax maximus,Gray-headed Bullfinch Pyrrhula erythaca erythaca, Rufous-gorgeted Flycatcher Ficedula strophiata strophiata, Yellow-bellied Fantail Rhipidura hypoxantha, Rufous-fronted Tit Aegithalos iouschistos.Crow-billed Drongo Dicrurus annectans, Carrion Crow Corvus corone orientalis, and the subspecies Streptopelia orientalis agricola of Oriental Turtle Dove were first recorded in Tibet Autonomous Region(except the disputed area).